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The Pastor of Hermas
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Introductory Note to The Pastor of Hermas
[246] This sentence may be also rendered thus, giving ἕνεκεν the meaning of “as regards,” “respecting”—a usual enough signification: “What then do you intend to do, as you have a law in your own city regarding your lands and the rest of your possessions?” The Vatican punctuates the passage so that it runs as follows: “What then will you do, who have a law in your own city? Will you, on account of your land, or any other of your preparations, be able to deny your law?” The Vatican also omits several clauses that are in the Greek, down to “for if thou shalt deny, and shalt desire to return,” etc.
[247] See … law, omitted in Lips. [The θρησκεία of Jas. i. 27.]
[248] The Vatican has: “Acquit widows, and do justice to orphans.”
[249] The Vatican renders, “Do not covet, therefore, the riches of the heathen.” [Here follows, in the Lambeth ms., an allusion to Luke xix. 15, which Wake renders: “Trade with your own riches.” See, also, Luke xii. 33.]
[250] The Vatican, rendering παραχαράσσετε, adulterare, proceeds as if the reference were to adultery. “Neither touch another man’s wife, nor lust after her, but desire your own work, and you will be saved.”
[251] The Vatican reads: “Unless this vine be attached to the elm, and rest upon it, it cannot bear much fruit. For, lying upon the ground, it produces bad fruit, because it is not suspended upon the elm.”
[252] The Vatican here makes Hermas interrupt the Shepherd, and ask, “How greater than the vine?”
[253] [Based on Jas. i. 9-11, 27, and ii. 1–9: introducing the heathen world to just ideas of human brotherhood, and the mutual relations of the poor and the rich.]
[254] The translation of the text is based on the Palatine. Lips. Reads: “When the rich man fills out upon the poor.” Hilgenfeld amends this: “When the rich man recovers breath upon the poor.” Neither gives sense. The Æthiopic has: “But if the rich man lean on the poor;” and the Greek of Hilgenfeld might mean: “When the rich man recovers his breath by leaning on the poor.” The Vatican is quite different: “When, therefore, the rich man helps the poor in those things which he needs, the poor man prays to the Lord for the rich man, and God bestows all blessings upon the rich man, because the poor man is rich in prayer, and his prayer has great merit with God. Then the rich man accordingly assists the poor man’s things, because he feels that he is fully heard (exaudiri) by the Lord; and the more willingly and unhesitatingly does he give him every help, and takes care that he wants for nothing. The poor man gives thanks to God for the rich man, because they do their duty in respect to the Lord (a Domino).”
[255] [I note this use of the word “influential,” because it was formerly denounced as an Americanism.]
[257] The sentence in brackets is not in Lips. It is taken from Pal.
[258] The Vatican renders this thus: “Why do they resemble those that are, as it were, withered?”
[260] Summer. Throne.—Lips. [Rom. viii. 22-24.]
[261] The Vatican has, “And all the merry and joyful shall be restored in that age.”
[262] [1 Cor. vii. 30-35;Rom. xii. 11.]
[263] [This anachronism betrays the later origin of “The Pastor.” The Pauline Hermas would not have used this technical term. These fasts were very early fixed by canon for Wednesdays and Fridays. See Canon lxix. of canons called “Apostolical;” also Bingham, book xiii. cap. 9, and this volume, p. 34, note 4.]
[264] [See cap. iii. of this similitude.]
[265] The Vatican adds, “for his successors.”
[266] i.e., attach the vines to stakes.
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