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Justin Martyr
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Introductory Note to the Writings of Justin Martyr
[1776] This is the literal and obvious translation of Justin’s words. But from c. 13, 16, and 61, it is evident that he did not desire to inculcate the worship of angels. We are therefore driven to adopt another translation of this passage, even though it be somewhat harsh. Two such translations have been proposed: the first connecting “us” and “the host of the other good angels” as the common object of the verb “taught;” the second connecting “these things” with “the host of,” etc., and making these two together the subject taught. In the first case the translation would stand, “taught these things to us and to the host,” etc.; in the second case the translation would be, “taught us about these things, and about the host of the others who follow Him, viz. the good angels.” [I have ventured to insert parenthetic marks in the text, an obvious and simple resource to suggest the manifest intent of the author. Grabe’s note in loc. gives another and very ingenious exegesis, but the simplest is best.]
Chapter VII.—Each Christian must be tried by his own life.
[1777] i.e., according to Otto, “not on account of the sincere Christians of whom we have been speaking.” According to Trollope, “not on account of (or at the instigation of) the demons before mentioned.”
[1778] Or, “as a Christian who has done no wrong.”
[1779] Compare the Rescript of Adrian appended to this Apology.
Chapter VIII.—Christians confess their faith in God.
[1780] Literally, “persuaded God.”
Chapter IX.—Folly of idol worship.
[1781] [Isa. xliv. 9-20; Jer. x. 3.]
Chapter XIII.—Christians serve God rationally.
[1782] πομπὰς καὶ ὕμνους. “Grabe, and it should seem correctly, understands πομπὰς to be solemn prayers. … He also remarks, that the ὕμνοι were either psalms of David, or some of those psalms and songs made by the primitive Christians, which are mentioned in Eusebius, H. E., v. 28.” —Trollope.
Chapter XIV.—The demons misrepresent Christian doctrine.
[1783] Literally, “would not use the same hearth or fire.”
[1784] See the end of chap. xii.
Chapter XV.—What Christ himself taught.
[1785] The reader will notice that Justin quotes from memory, so that there are some slight discrepancies between the words of Jesus as here cited, and the same sayings as recorded in our Gospels.
[1788] διγαμίας ποιούμενοι, lit. contracting a double marriage. Of double marriages there are three kinds: the first, marriage with a second wife while the first is still alive and recognised as a lawful wife, or bigamy; the second, marriage with a second wife after divorce from the first, and third, marriage with a second wife after the death of the first. It is thought that Justin here refers to the second case.
[1790] Matt. v. 46, 44; Luke vi. 28.
[1791] Luke vi. 30, 34; Matt. vi. 19, Matt. xvi. 26, Matt. vi. 20.
[1792] Luke vi. 36; Matt. v. 45,Matt. vi. 25-26, 33, 21.
Chapter XVI.—Concerning patience and swearing.
[1794] Luke vi. 29; Matt. vi. 22, 41, 16.
[1795] i.e., Christian neighbours.
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