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Lactantius
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Introductory Notice To Lactantius.
[736] [It is probable, that, owing to the perpetual and universal recitation of the Creed, this unhappy name has been more frequently uttered and recalled to human memory than that of any other human being.]
[737] Herod Antipas the tetrarch of Galilee. According to St. Luke (xxiii. 15), Herod agreed with Pilate in declaring the innocency of Jesus.
[738] This statement requires some modification. Pilate did indeed say to the Jews, “Take ye Him, and judge Him according to your law;” but they declared that it was not lawful for them to put any man to death. The punishment was entirely Roman, the mode of death Roman, the executioners Roman soldiers. There were two distinct trials,—one before the Jewish Sanhedrim on a charge of impiety, the other before the Roman governor on a charge of treason.
[739] Punicei coloris. The colour was a kind of red, not purple. [It was mixed with blue, so as to be at once purple and in some reflections scarlet.]
[740] The quaternion of Roman soldiers who carried out the execution.
[741] De tunicâ et pallio. The “tunica” was the inner garment, the “pallium” a mantle or cloak. Thus the proverbial phrase, “tunica proprior pallio.” [Vol. iv. p. 13, Elucidation I., this series.]
[742] Gavius was crucified by Verres. [In Verrem, act ii. cap. 62. This event providentially illustrated the extreme wickedness of what was done to our Lord, but so quickened the Roman conscience that it prevented like injustice to St. Paul, although a Roman citizen, over and over again. Acts xvi. 37, 38, and xxii. 24, 25.]
[743] Suffixus.
[744] Tantæ affluentiæ ubertate. [Compare Cicero (ut supra): Crux, crux! inquam infelici et ærumnoso, qui nunquam istam potestatem viderat comparabatur.]
[745] Isa. l. 5, 6, quoted from the Septuagint.
[746] i.e., of the smiters; Gr. εἰς ῥαπίσματα, “blows with the hand.”
[747] Ps. xxxv. 15, 16. The quotation is from the Septuagint, and differs widely from the authorized English version.
[748] Flagella, said to be used for men deserving the scourge; wicked men.
[749] Super me, “over me.”
[750] Ignoraverunt. Others read “ignoravi,” I knew it not.
[751] Deriserunt me derisu. So the Greek, ἐξεμυκτήρισάν με μυκτηρισμόν
[752] ἁπλω̑ς.
[755] παιζοντα. Another reading is πταίοντα, which would imply that they regarded Christ as a transgressor.
[756] Justin Martyr quotes this passage in his Dialogue with Trypho, and complains that it had been expunged by the Jews. [See vol. i. p. 234, and remarks of Bishop Kaye, Justin Martyr, p. 44, on passages suppressed by the Jews.]
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