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Remains of the Second and Third Centuries
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Introductory Notice to Remains of the Second and Third Centuries.
[3821] Τὰ ὄντα.
[3822] ῾Ως ἴδια θελήματα.
[3823] Vol. iv. p. 125, this series. Compare Lightfoot, Ap. Fathers, part ii. vol. i. pp. 499, etc., 510, etc.
[3824] Ap. Fathers, part ii. vol. i. p. 499.
[3825] This letter has come down to us in fragments quoted by Eusebius. We have used the translation of Lord Hailes as the basis of ours. [Compare Vol. i. p. 309, this series, and note the adhesion of the primitive Gallican Church to the East,—to the land of Polycarp and Pothinus. Concerning Pothinus, see Routh, Rel. Sac., i. p. 328, and the correction by Lightfoot, Ap. F., part ii. vol. i. p. 430, etc. The Gallican Church may yet arise from the dust, and restore the primitive primacy of Lyons. God grant it!]
[3826] We have translated μάρτυρες “witnesses” and μαρτυρία “testimony” throughout.
[3827] Houses of friends and relatives. Olshausen takes them to be public buildings.
[3828] Rom. viii. 18. [On quotations from Scripture, etc., see Westcott, Canon, p. 378, ed. 1855.]
[3829] By “confinements” in this passage evidently is meant that the populace prevented them from resorting to public places, and thus shut them up in their own houses.
[3831] From the heathen judge.
[3833] The writer refers to St. John’s Gospel (John 15.13): “Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.”
[3835] This expression seems to refer to what took place in athletic combats. The athletes were tested before fighting, and those in every way qualified were permitted to fight, while the others were rejected. This testing, Valesius supposes, was called διάκρισις.
[3837] The words here admit of two meanings: that something blasphemous might be uttered by them—such as speaking against Christ and swearing by Cæsar: or that some accusation against the Christians might be uttered by them—confirming, for instance, the reports of infanticide and incest prevalent against the Christians. The latter in this passage seems unquestionably to be the meaning.
[3839] Heinichen construes differently. He makes the “torturers astonished that Blandina gave her testimony that one kind of torture was sufficient to deprive her of life.” Perhaps the right construction is to make ὅτι mean “because” or “for:” “They were astonished as Blandina bearing her testimony, for one kind of torture was sufficient to have killed her.”
[3840] The words ὑπερβεβλημένως καὶ ὑπὲρ πάντα ἄνθρωπον naturally go with ὑπομένων, and therefore intimate that Sanctus’ endurance was greater than human; but we doubt if this is intended by the writer.
[3841] John vii. 38: “He that believeth on me, as the Scripture hath said, out of his bosom shall flow rivers of living water.”
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