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The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles
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Introductory Notice To The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles.
[2420] Codex reads “our;” editors correct to “your. ”
[2421] Comp. Eph. vi. 5; Col. iii. 22.
[2423] “In the congregation;” i.e., assembly of believers. This phrase is omitted in both Barnabas and Apostolic Constitutions. Comp. Jas. v. 16.
[2424] Or, “to thy place of prayer” (Schaff).
[2425] So Barnabas; but Apostolic Constitutions, “in the day of thy bitterness.”
[2426] So Apostolic Constitutions; but Barnabas, “the way of light.” See note on chap. i. 1.
[2427] This chapter finds nearly exact parallels in Barnabas, xx., and Apostolic Constitutions, vii. 18, but with curious variations.
[2428] Barnabas has “darkness,” but afterwards “way of eternal death.”
[2429] Not in Apostolic Constitutions, and no exact parallel in Barnabas.
[2430] Of the twenty-two sins named in this verse, Barnabas gives fourteen, in differing order, and in the singular; Apostolic Constitutions gives all but one (υψος, “loftiness” “haughtiness”), in the same order, and with the same change from plural to singular.
[2431] This verse appears almost word for word in Barnabas, with two additional clauses.
[2432] The Apostolic Constitutions give a parallel from this point; verbally exact from the phrase, “not for that which is good.”
[2433] The word πανθαμαρτητοι occurs only here, and in the parallel passage in Barnabas (rendered in this edition “who are in every respect transgressors,” vol. i. p. 149), and in Apostolic Constitutions (rendered “full of sin”). A similar term occurs in the recently recovered portion of 2 Clement, xviii., where Bishop Lightfoot renders, as above, “an utter sinner.”
[2434] Found verbatim in Apostolic Constitutions, not in Barnabas: with the latter there is no further parallel, except a few phrases in chap. xvi. 2, 3 (which see).
Chapter VI.—Against False Teachers, and Food Offered to Idols.
[2435] Of this chapter, two phrases and one entire clause are found in Apostolic Constitutions, vii. 19–21.
[2436] Comp. Matt. xxiv . 4 (Greek); Revised Version, “lead you astray:” Apostolic Constitutions, vii. 19.
[2437] Or, “the whole yoke.” Those who accept the Jewish-Christian authorship refer this to the ceremonial law. It seems quite as likely to mean ascetic regulations. Of these there are many traces, even in the New-Testament churches.
[2438] Apostolic Constitutions, vii. 20, begins with a similar phrase, but is explicitly against asceticism in this respect. The precepts here do not indicate any such spirit as that opposed by Paul.
[2439] Comp. Acts xv. 20, 29; 1 Cor. viii. 4, etc., x. 18, etc. (Rom. xiv. 20 refers to ascetic abstinence.) This prohibition had a necessary permanence; comp. Apostolic Constitutions, vii. 21.
[2440] Comp. the same phrase in 2 Clement, iii. This chapter closes the first part of the Teaching, that supposed to be intended for catechumens. The absence of doctrinal statement does not necessarily prove the existence of a circle of Gentile Christians where the Pauline theology was unknown. If such a circle existed, emphasizing the ethical side of Christianity to the exclusion of its doctrinal basis, it disappeared very soon. From the nature of the case, that kind of Christianity is intellectually weak and necessarily short-lived.
Chapter VII.—Concerning Baptism.
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