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Justin Martyr
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Introductory Note to the Writings of Justin Martyr
Chapter LXI.—Christian baptism.
[1895] Chap. xliv.
Chapter LXII.—Its imitation by demons.
[1897] Thirlby conjectures that Justin here confused in his mind the histories of Moses and Jacob.
Chapter LXIII.—How God appeared to Moses.
[1904] [Rather, “of your empire.”]
Chapter LXIV.—Further misrepresentations of the truth.
[1906] Chap. lix.
[1907] And therefore caused her to preside over the waters, as above.
Chapter LXV.—Administration of the sacraments.
[1908] The kiss of charity, the kiss of peace, or “the peace” (ἡ εἰπήνη), was enjoined by the Apostle Paul in his Epistles to the Corinthians, Thessalonians, and Romans, and thence passed into a common Christian usage. It was continued in the Western Church, under regulations to prevent its abuse, until the thirteenth century. Stanley remarks (Corinthians, i. 414), “It is still continued in the worship of the Coptic Church.”
[1909] τῷ προεστῶτι τῶν ἀδελφῶν. This expression may quite legitimately be translated, “to that one of the brethren who was presiding.”
Chapter LXVI.—Of the Eucharist.
[1910] Literally, thanksgiving. See Matt. xxvi. 27.
[1911] This passage is claimed alike by Calvinists, Lutherans, and Romanists; and, indeed, the language is so inexact, that each party may plausibly maintain that their own opinion is advocated by it. [But the same might be said of the words of our Lord himself; and, if such widely separated Christians can all adopt this passage, who can be sorry?] The expression, “the prayer of His word,” or of the word we have from Him, seems to signify the prayer pronounced over the elements, in imitation of our Lord’s thanksgiving before breaking the bread. [I must dissent from the opinion that the language is “inexact:” he expresses himself naturally as one who believes it is bread, but yet not “common bread.” So Gelasius, Bishop of Rome (a.d. 490), “By the sacraments we are made partakers of the divine nature, and yet the substance and nature of bread and wine do not cease to be in them,” etc. (See original in Bingham’s Antiquities, book xv. cap. 5. See Chryost., Epist. ad. Cæsarium, tom. iii. p. 753. Ed. Migne.) Those desirous to pursue this inquiry will find the Patristic authorities in Historia Transubstantionis Papalis, etc., Edidit F. Meyrick, Oxford, 1858. The famous tractate of Ratranin (a.d. 840) was published at Oxford, 1838, with the homily of Ælfric (a.d. 960) in a cheap edition.]
Chapter LXVII.—Weekly worship of the Christians.
[1913] τῇ τοῦ ῾Ηλίου λεγομένη ἡμέρᾳ.
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