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Epistle to Gregory and Origen's Commentary on the Gospel of John

Footnotes

Introduction.

[4445] Mr. Brooke’s revised text of the Commentary of Origen on St. John’s Gospel (2 vols., Cambridge University Warehouse) appeared unfortunately too late to be used in the preparation of this volume.

Letter of Origen to Gregory.

[4446] Jahrbucher fur Prot. Theol. 1881, 1.

[4447] See Ante-Nicene Christian Library, vol. xx. (Clark).

2. This Procedure is Typified by the Story of the Spoiling of the Egyptians.

[4448] Exod. 9.2.

[4449] Reading with Dräseke, ραφιδεόυτῶν, συρραπτόντων τῶν ραφιδευτῶν.

[4450] Exod. xxxi. 3, 6; xxxvi. 1-2, 8.

[4451] 1 Kings xi. 14 (Hadad). Origen confuses him with Jeroboam.

3. Personal Appeal.

[4452] John x. 3.

[4453] Matt. vii. 7.

[4454] Heb. iii. 14.

1. How Christians are the Spiritual Israel.

[4455] Rom. ii. 29.

[4456] Rev. 7.2-5.

[4457] Rev. 14.1-5.

2. The 144,000 Sealed in the Apocalypse are Converts to Christ from the Gentile World.

[4458] Rev. 7.3,4.

3. In the Spiritual Israel the High-Priests are Those Who Devote Themselves to the Study of Scripture.

[4459] 1 Cor. ii. 14.

[4460] Reading with Neander and Lommatzsch (note), διαφέρον τι for διαφέροντες.

[4461] Heb. iv. 14.

[4462] Ps. cx. 4; Heb. v. 6. Cf. vii. 11.

4. The Study of the Gospels is the First Fruits Offered by These Priests of Christianity.

[4463] ἀπαρχή, Exod. xxii. 29.

[4464] πρωτογέννημα,Exod. xxiii. 16.

5. All Scripture is Gospel; But the Gospels are Distinguished Above Other Scriptures.

[4465] This passage is difficult and disputed.

[4466] 2 Cor. vi. 18.

[4467] 2 Tim. iii. 16.

[4468] 1 Cor. vii. 12.

[4469] 1 Cor. vii. 17.

[4470] 2 Tim. iii. 11.

[4471] John i. 29.

[4472] Ephes. iv. 11.

[4473] John ix. 1.

[4474] John xi. 39.

[4475] Matt. xxiii. 8, 9.

[4476] διδάσκαλοι,Ephes. iv. 11.

6. The Fourfold Gospel. John’s the First Fruits of the Four. Qualifications Necessary for Interpreting It.

[4477] 2 Cor. v. 19.

[4478] John i. 29.

[4479] Ambrosius.

[4480] Matt. i. 1.

[4481] John xix. 26.

[4482] Gal. ii. 20.

[4483] 1 Cor. ii. 12, 16.

[4484] Rom. ii. 16.

7. What Good Things are Announced in the Gospels.

[4485] Col. i. 15.

[4486] Matt. xi. 3.

[4487] John iv. 25.

[4488] Luke xxiv. 18-21.

[4489] Ναζαρηνοῦ.

[4490] John i. 42.

[4491] John i. 46.

8. How the Gospels Cause the Other Books of Scripture Also to Be Gospel.

[4492] Text defective here. The words as they stand would yield the sense, “the formula, little and yet all.”

[4493] 1 Cor. x. 11.

[4494] γυῶσις.

10. How Jesus Himself is the Gospel.

[4495] John xi. 25.

[4496] Ps. lxvii. 11, 12.

[4497] 1 Cor. iv. 19, 20 (with a peculiar reading).

[4498] 1 Cor. ii. 4.

[4499] Luke xxiv. 32.

[4500] Isa. lii. 7; Rom. x. 15.

11. Jesus is All Good Things; Hence the Gospel is Manifold.

[4501] John xiv. 6.

[4502] John xi. 25.

[4503] John x. 9.

[4504] Prov. viii. 22.

[4505] Rom. vi. 10.

[4506] 1 Cor. i. 30.

[4507] Col. i. 19; ii. 9.

[4508] John xxi. 25.

[4509] Isa. lii. 6.

[4510] Isa. xl. 9.

[4511] Matt. v. 45.

[4512] Luke iv. 18 sq.

12. The Gospel Contains the Ill Deeds Also Which Were Done to Jesus.

[4513] Matt. xxvi. 6-13, combined with Luke vii. 36-50.

[4514] Matt. xxv. 40.

[4515] John xix. 6, 15.

[4516] Acts ix. 4, 5.

[4517] Luke viii. 14.

13. The Angels Also are Evangelists.

[4518] Ps. civ. 4.

[4519] Luke ii. 10, 11.

[4520] Origen, however, appears also to have read ἐυδοκιας: “among men of good will.”

14. The Old Testament, Typified by John, is the Beginning of the Gospel.

[4521] Mark i. 1.

[4522] Rom. ii. 16.

[4523] Mark 1.2,3.

[4524] ἑτερόδοξοι.

[4525] Rev. 14.6,7.

15. The Gospel is in the Old Testament, and Indeed in the Whole Universe. Prayer for Aid to Understand the Mystical Sense of the Work in Hand.

[4526] Acts viii. 26, sqq.

[4527] Ephes. i. 21.

16. Meaning of “Beginning.” (1) in Space.

[4528] John i. 1.

[4529] Prov. xvi. 5.

[4530] 1 Cor. xv. 25, 26.

17. (2) in Time. The Beginning of Creation.

[4531] Gen. i. 1.

[4532] Job xl. 19.

[4533] Job iii. 8.

[4534] Rom. viii. 22, 20.

[4535] The text is defective here.

[4536] Phil. i. 23.

[4537] Prov. 8.22.

18. (3) of Substance.

[4538] 2 Macc. vii. 28.

[4539] Herm. Sim. viii.

19. (4) of Type and Copy.

[4540] We must here reproduce the Greek word, as Origen passes to meanings of it which the English “beginning” does not cover.

[4541] Coloss. i. 15.

20. (5) of Elements and What is Formed from Them.

[4542] Heb. v. 12.

[4543] 1 Cor. xv. 45.

22. The Word Was in the Beginning, I.e., in Wisdom, Which Contained All Things in Idea, Before They Existed. Christ’s Character as Wisdom is Prior to His Other Characters.

[4544] Ps. cxlviii. 5.

[4545] Prov. viii. 22.

[4546] John i. 3, 4.

[4547] John xiv. 6.

[4548] Opp. to embodied.

[4549] Mr. Brooke, T. &amp; S. I. iv. p. 15, discusses this corrupt passage and suggests an improved text which would yield the sense, that wisdom was to give to things and matter, “it might be rash to say bluntly their essences, but their moulding and their forms.”

[4550] Rev. 22.13.

[4551] Rom. iii. 25.

[4552] Passage obscure and probably corrupt.

23. The Title “Word” Is to Be Interpreted by the Same Method as the Other Titles of Christ. The Word of God is Not a Mere Attribute of God, But a Separate Person. What is Meant When He is Called the Word.

[4553] John xiii. 13.

[4554] John x. 36.

[4555] John xvii. 1.

[4556] John xviii. 33, 36.

[4557] John xv. 1, 5.

[4558] John vi. 35, 41, 33.

[4559] Rev. 1.18.

[4560] Rev. 22.13.

[4561] Isa. xlix. 2.

[4562] Isa. xlii. 1, etc.

[4563] Isa. xlix. 6.

[4564] Isa. xlix. 1, 2, 3.

[4565] Jerem. xi. 19.

[4566] John i. 29.

[4567] John i. 30, 31.

[4568] 1 John ii. 1, ἱλασμός

[4569] Rom. iii. 25, 26, ἱλαστήριον

[4570] 1 Cor. i. 24, 30.

[4571] Heb. iv. 14.

[4572] Gen. xlix. 10.

[4573] Isa. xlii. 1-4.

[4574] Matt. xii. 17, 19.

[4575] Ezek. xxxiv. 23.

[4576] Isa. xi. 1-3.

[4577] Ps. cxviii. 22, 23.

[4578] Matt. xxi. 42, 44.

[4579] Acts iv. 11.

[4580] Ps. xlv. 1.

24. Christ as Light; How He, and How His Disciples are the Light of the World.

[4581] John i. 3-5.

[4582] John i. 9.

[4583] Isa. xlix. 6.

[4584] John ix. 4, 5.

[4585] Matt. v. 14, 16.

[4586] 1 Cor. iv. 9.

[4587] Rom. viii. 24, 19.

[4588] John xvii. 21.

[4589] John xii. 26.

[4590] Rom. v. 3-5.

[4591] Rom. viii. 20.

[4592] Text corrupt. The above seems to be the meaning. Cf. chap. 23 init. p. 306.

25. Christ as the Resurrection.

[4593] Rom. vi. 4.

[4594] 2 Cor. iv. 10.

26. Christ as the Way.

[4595] Matt. x. 10.

[4596] Prov. xxx. 19.

29. Christ as the Door and as the Shepherd.

[4597] Ps. xxxvi. 6.

[4598] Jer. xxxi. 27.

30. Christ as Anointed (Christ) and as King.

[4599] Ps. xlv. 8.

[4600] Ps. lxxii. 1, 2.

[4601] Ephes. ii. 14.

31. Christ as Teacher and Master.

[4602] Rom. viii. 15.

[4603] John xv. 15; θέλει for ποτεῖ.

[4604] John xiii. 13.

[4605] John xv. 15.

[4606] Luke xxii. 28.

[4607] Mal. 1.6.

32. Christ as Son.

[4608] Mark i. 11; Ps. ii. 7; Heb. i. 5.

33. Christ the True Vine, and as Bread.

[4609] Ps. civ. 15.

[4610] Gen. xliii. 34.

34. Christ as the First and the Last; He is Also What Lies Between These.

[4611] Ps. cxxxvi. 2.

[4612] Ps. l. 1.

[4613] Matt. xx. 2.

[4614] 1 Cor. viii. 5.

[4615] Ephes. i. 21.

[4616] Exod. iii. 2, 6.

[4617] Isa. ix. 6.

[4618] Ps. lxxxviii. 4, 5.

35. Christ as the Living and the Dead.

[4619] Rev. 1.17,18.

[4620] 2 Cor. iv. 10.

36. Christ as a Sword.

[4621] Isa. xlix. 2, 3.

[4622] Heb. iv. 12.

[4623] Song ii. 5.

37. Christ as a Servant, as the Lamb of God, and as the Man Whom John Did Not Know.

[4624] Isa. xlix. 3, 6.

[4625] Philipp. ii. 6, 8.

[4626] Isa. xlix. 5, 6.

[4627] John i. 29.

[4628] 1 Cor. v. 28.

38. Christ as Paraclete, as Propitiation, and as the Power of God.

[4629] 1 John ii. 1, 2.

[4630] ἱλασμὁς.

[4631] ἱλαστήριον,Rom. iii. 25.

[4632] Philipp. iv. 13.

39. Christ as Wisdom and Sanctification and Redemption.

[4633] Prov. viii. 22.

[4634] Ps. civ. 24.

[4635] Heb. ii. 11.

40. Christ as Righteousness; As the Demiurge, the Agent of the Good God, and as High-Priest.

[4636] John vii. 18.

[4637] Rev. 16.5,7.

[4638] John v. 27.

[4639] Heb. ii. 9.

[4640] χωρις for χαριτι, a widely diffused early variant.

[4641] Job xxv. 5.

[4642] Rom. ii. 29.

41. Christ as the Rod, the Flower, the Stone.

[4643] Isa. xi. 1.

[4644] Ps. lxxxix. 32, 33.

[4645] Ps. cxviii. 22.

42. Of the Various Ways in Which Christ is the Logos.

[4646] It is impossible to render by any one English word the Greek λογος as used by Origen in the following discussion. We shall therefore in many passages leave it untranslated.

[4647] Rom. x. 6-8.

[4648] John xv. 22.

[4649] John x. 8.

[4650] Matt. xi. 27.

[4651] Isa. ix. 5, 6.

[4652] Rev. 19.11.

[4653] Ps. xxxiii. 17.

[4654] Ps. xx. 7.

[4655] Ps. xlv. 1.

[4656] Ps. xxxiii. 6.

[4657] Reading τυγχάνομτας.

[4658] στερεός, of which the στερἑωμα, firmament, is made.

1. And the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

[4659] Hos. i. 1.

[4660] Isa. ii. 1.

[4661] Jer. xiv. 1.

[4662] Matt. xi. 19.

[4663] Rom. xi. 33.

[4664] Omitting τὸ, with Jacobi.

2. In What Way the Logos is God. Errors to Be Avoided on This Question.

[4665] John xvii. 3.

[4666] Ps. l. 1.

3. Various Relations of the Logos to Men.

[4667] Deut. iv. 19, quoted apparently from memory.

4. That the Logos is One, Not Many. Of the Word, Faithful and True, and of His White Horse.

[4668] Rev. 19.11-16.

[4669] In the Greek the article is here omitted.

[4670] Reading παρεκδέξασθαι, with Huet.

[4671] Philipp. iii. 20.

[4672] Deut. xxxii. 4.

[4673] Lam. iv. 20.

[4674] Ps. cxliii. 2.

[4675] Omitting λεγεσθαι, with Jacobi.

[4676] 2 Thess. ii. 8.

[4677] 1 Cor. iii. 19.

6. How the Word is the Maker of All Things, and Even the Holy Spirit Was Made Through Him.

[4678] See R.V. margin,John i. 3.

[4679] Rom. i. 1-5.

[4680] Heb. 1.1,2.

[4681] Matt. xii. 32.

[4682] Reading πρὸ πάυτων, with Jacobi.

[4683] 1 Cor. xii. 4-6.

[4684] Isa. xlviii. 16.

[4685] Heb. 2.9.

[4686] John i. 32.

[4687] Matt. xii. 50.

[4688] Ps. civ. 24.

7. Of Things Not Made Through the Logos.

[4689] Rom. iv. 17.

[4690] Esth. iv. 22.

[4691] Exod. iii. 14, 15.

[4692] Mark x. 18.

8. Heracleon’s View that the Logos is Not the Agent of Creation.

[4693] On the fragments of Heracleon in this work of Origen, see Texts and Studies, vol. i. part iv. by A. E. Brooke, M.A.

[4694] Prov. xxx. 6.

[4695] Accepting Jacobi’s and Brook’s correction παρα τὴν.

[4696] Ps. cxlviii. 5.

[4697] Coloss. i. 15, 16.

9. That the Logos Present in Us is Not Responsible for Our Sins.

[4698] Rom. vii. 8, 9.

[4699] Rom. v. 13.

[4700] John xv. 22.

[4701] John xii. 48.

[4702] Rom. x. 6-8.

10. “That Which Was Made Was Life in Him, and the Life Was the Light of Men.” This Involves the Paradox that What Does Not Derive Life from the Logos Does Not Live at All.

[4703] Mark xii. 26.

[4704] Ps. cxliii. 2.

[4705] Numb. xiv. 28.

11. How No One is Righteous or Can Truly Be Said to Live in Comparison with God.

[4706] Heb. xi. 16.

[4707] Ps. cxvi. 9.

[4708] Matt. v. 16.

[4709] 1 Tim. iv. 16.

12. Is the Saviour All that He Is, to All?

[4710] John xvi. 14, 15.

14. How the Natures of Men are Not So Fixed from the First, But that They May Pass from Darkness to Light.

[4711] Ps. vi. 6.

[4712] Ephes. v. 8.

15. Heracleon’s View that the Lord Brought Life Only to the Spiritual. Refutation of This.

[4713] The demiurge.

[4714] 1 Cor. ii. 14, 15.

16. The Life May Be the Light of Others Besides.

[4715] Matt. xxii. 30.

[4716] 2 Kings ii. 14.

[4717] Judith ix. 2.

17. The Higher Powers are Men; And Christ is Their Light Also.

[4718] Gen. i. 26.

[4719] Zechar. i.; Hagg. i. 13.

[4720] Mal. iii. 1; Mark i. 2.

[4721] Josh. 5.13,14.

18. How God Also is Light, But in a Different Way; And How Life Came Before Light.

[4722] John 1.5.

[4723] Ps. xxxvi. 10.

[4724] John 8.12.

[4725] Isa. xlii. 6.

[4726] Ps. xxvii. 1.

20. Different Kinds of Light; And of Darkness.

[4727] John 1.5.

[4728] Isaiah 26.9.

[4729] Psalm 19.9.

[4730] Hosea x. 12.

[4731] 1 John i. 6; ii. 9, 11.

[4732] Ps. lxxxii. 5.

[4733] 1 John i. 5.

[4734] οὐδεμία, not one.

21. Christ is Not, Like God, Quite Free from Darkness: Since He Bore Our Sins.

[4735] 2 Cor. v. 21.

[4736] Rom. viii. 3.

[4737] Matt. viii. 17.

[4738] Matt. xxvi. 38.

[4739] Zech. iii. 4.

[4740] Ps. xxii. 1.

[4741] Ps. lxix. 5.

[4742] Isaiah 9.2.

22. How the Darkness Failed to Overtake the Light.

[4743] Rom. viii. 31.

23. There is a Divine Darkness Which is Not Evil, and Which Ultimately Becomes Light.

[4744] Exod. 19.9,16.

[4745] Ps. xviii. 11.

[4746] Prov. i. 6.

24. John the Baptist Was Sent. From Where? His Soul Was Sent from a Higher Region.

[4747] John i. 6.

[4748] Gen. iii. 23.

[4749] Isa. 6.1,9.

[4750] Luke i. 17.

[4751] John i. 33.

[4752] Luke i. 13, 15.

[4753] Matt. xi. 14.

[4754] 2 Thess. ii. 11, 12.

[4755] Jer. i. 7.

[4756] Ezek. ii. 3.

25. Argument from the Prayer of Joseph, to Show that the Baptist May Have Been an Angel Who Became a Man.

[4757] Rom. ix. 11-14.

[4758] Isa. xl. 3.

27. Significance of the Names of John and of His Parents.

[4759] Origen appears to be pointing to the fact that the Christian rest which is connected in its origin with the resurrection of Christ is not held as the Jewish Sabbath rest on the seventh but on the first day of the week. John marking the end of the old period is the son of Elisabeth the oath, or seventh, of God, and is thus connected with the seventh day; but not so Jesus.

28. The Prophets Bore Witness to Christ and Foretold Many Things Concerning Him.

[4760] John i. 7.

[4761] The Old Testament belongs to the Creator, the Demiurge.

[4762] 1 John ii. 23.

[4763] John viii. 56.

[4764] Isa. xliii. 10.

[4765] Acts i. 8.

[4766] Matt. viii. 4.

29. The Six Testimonies of the Baptist Enumerated. Jesus’ “Come and See.” Significance of the Tenth Hour.

[4767] John 1.7,15-18.

[4768] John 1.23.

[4769] John 1.26.

[4770] Reading κατἁ for καἷ.

[4771] John 1.29-31.

[4772] John 1.32-34.

[4773] John 1.35-38.

30. How John Was a Witness of Christ, and Specially of “The Light.”

[4774] Matt. xi. 14, 15.

[4775] Coloss. iii. 3, 4.

Fragments of the Fourth Book.

[4776] From the Philocalia.

[4777] 2 Cor. xi. 6.

[4778] 2 Cor. iv. 7.

[4779] 1 Cor. i. 26, 27.

[4780] Rom. i. 14.

[4781] 2 Cor. iii. 6.

From the Preface.

[4782] From the Philocalia.

[4783] This is addressed to Ambrose, who was at the time absent from Alexandria. Cf. book i. chap. 6, p. 299.

[4784] Eccles. 12.12.

3. The Apostles Wrote Little.

[4785] From Eusebius, Hist. Eccl. vi. 25.

[4786] Rom. xv. 19.

[4787] Matt. xvi. 18.

[4788] John i. 20, 25.

[4789] Rev. 10.4.

[4790] The following fragments is found in Philocalia, pp. 27–30.

Chapter IV.

[4791] Prov. 10.19.

[4792] 1 Kings iv. 32.

[4793] Prov. i. 24.

[4794] Acts xx. 7-9.

[4795] John v. 39.

[4796] Psa. 40.7.

[4797] Rev. 5.1-5.

[4798] Rev. 3.7.

[4799] Ps. lxix. 28.

[4800] Dan. vii. 10.

[4801] Exod. xxxii. 32.

[4802] Isa. 29.11,12.

[4803] Isa. xxii. 22.

[4804] Isa. 2.10.

[4805] Rev. 10.9,10.

[4806] Rom. ii. 16.

1. The Work is Taken Up After a Violent Interruption, Which Has Driven the Writer from Alexandria. He Addresses Himself to It Again, with Thanks for His Deliverance, and Prayer for Guidance.

[4807] John xiv. 27.

[4808] 1 Chron. xxii. 8, 9.

[4809] 3 Esdras iv. 37, 41, 47.

[4810] Luke xiv. 28.

[4811] 1 Cor. i. 5.

2. How the Prophets and Holy Men of the Old Testament Knew the Things of Christ.

[4812] John i. 19.

[4813] Matt. xiii. 17.

[4814] Mark xii. 20.

[4815] Rom. iv. 11.

[4816] Ps. cv. 3.

[4817] Coloss. i. 15; John xiv. 19.

[4818] John viii. 39.

[4819] Prov. xvi. 23.

[4820] Rom. 16.25.

[4821] Ephes. iii. 5.

[4822] 2 Cor. xii. 4.

[4823] Lommatzsch omits οὐ before ἠκριβωκότα, but it is necessary to the sense.

3. “Grace and Truth Came Through Jesus Christ.” These Words Belong to the Baptist, Not the Evangelist. What the Baptist Testifies by Them.

[4824] ἐγένετο

[4825] Ps. xxxi. 24.

[4826] Ps. xi. 7.

[4827] John xiv. 6.

[4828] Coloss. iii. 4.

[4829] Ps. lxiii. 3.

[4830] 2 Cor. xiii. 3.

[4831] Ps. cv. 15.

4. John Denies that He is Elijah or “The” Prophet. Yet He Was “A” Prophet.

[4832] John i. 19-21.

[4833] Deut. xviii. 15.

[4834] John i. 25.

5. There Were Two Embassies to John the Baptist; The Different Characters of These.

[4835] John i. 25 sqq.

[4836] John 1.24.

6. Messianic Discussion with John the Baptist.

[4837] John i. 19, 20.

[4838] Matt. xi. 3.

[4839] Acts v. 36, 37.

7. Of the Birth of John, and of His Alleged Identity with Elijah. Of the Doctrine of Transcorporation.

[4840] John i. 21.

[4841] Matt. xi. 14.

[4842] Mal. iv. 5, 6.

[4843] Luke i. 13.

[4844] Luke i. 17.

[4845] Gen. 7.4.

[4846] Luke i. 35.

[4847] 1 Cor. xiv. 32.

[4848] 2 Kings ii. 15.

[4849] Gen. iv. 25.

[4850] Luke i. 65.

[4851] Matt. xvi. 13, 14.

[4852] Mark vi. 16.

[4853] Matt. xiii. 55.

[4854] 2 Kings i. 8.

[4855] Judg. xx. 28.

[4856] Numb. xxv. 12.

8. John is a Prophet, But Not the Prophet.

[4857] John i. 21.

[4858] Luke xvi. 16.

[4859] Luke i. 76.

[4860] Matt. xi. 9.

[4861] P. 321.

[4862] Deut. 18.15 sq.

[4863] Luke iii. 15.

10. Of the Voice John the Baptist is.

[4864] John vii. 37.

[4865] Luke iii. 4.

[4866] Exod. 7.1.

[4867] Luke i. 18.

[4868] Matt. xi. 10.

[4869] John i. 15.

[4870] Exod. xiv. 15.

[4871] Ps. lxxvii. 7.

[4872] Acts xiii. 10.

11. Of the Way of the Lord, How It is Narrow, and How Jesus is the Way.

[4873] Prov. 4.27.

[4874] Ps. xi. 7.

[4875] Ps. iv. 7.

[4876] Jer. iv. 16.

[4877] τεθλιμμένη, the word translated “narrow” in Matt. vii. 14.

[4878] Matt. xi. 12.

[4879] τεθλιμμένη, the word translated “narrow” in Matt. vii. 14.

[4880] Exod. iii. 5.

12. Heracleon’s View of the Voice, and of John the Baptist.

[4881] 1 Cor. xiv. 8.

[4882] 1 Cor. xiii. 1.

[4883] John v. 39.

[4884] John v. 46.

[4885] Matt. xv. 7; Isa. xxix. 13.

[4886] Mal. 4.5,6.

[4887] 1 Kings xiii. 2.

[4888] Gen. xlix. 16.

13. John I. 24, 25. Of the Baptism of John, that of Elijah, and that of Christ.

[4889] John i. 24, 25.

[4890] Matt. iii. 7, 8.

[4891] Luke xviii. 10, 11.

[4892] Ps. xiv. 3.

[4893] 1 Kings xviii. 33 sq.

[4894] By not noticing the difference between “a prophet” and “the prophet.” Vide supra, p. 356.

14. Comparison of the Statements of the Four Evangelists Respecting John the Baptist, the Prophecies Regarding Him, His Addresses to the Multitude and to the Pharisees, Etc.

[4895] Isa. xl. 3.

[4896] Mal. 3.1.

[4897] John i. 24.

[4898] Matt. iii. 7.

[4899] Luke iii. 2.

[4900] Matt. iii. 10.

[4901] Hos. x. 13.

[4902] Luke iii. 9.

[4903] Lev. xix. 23.

[4904] Matt. xi. 13.

[4905] Matt. xxi. 23.

15. How the Baptist Answers the Question of the Pharisees and Exalts the Nature of Christ. Of the Shoe-Latchet Which He is Unable to Untie.

[4906] John i. 26.

16. Comparison of John’s Testimony to Jesus in the Different Gospels.

[4907] Matt. iii. 11.

[4908] Mark i. 6, 7.

[4909] Luke iii. 16.

17. Of the Testimony of John to Jesus in Matthew’s Gospel,

[4910] Acts xix. 2.

18. Of the Testimony in Mark. What is Meant by the Saviour’s Shoes and by Untying His Shoe-Latchets.

[4911] 1 Peter iii. 18-20.

[4912] Rom. xiv. 9.

20. The Difference Between Not Being “Sufficient” And Not Being “Worthy.”

[4913] Ecclesiasticus 18.7.

22. How the Word Stands in the Midst of Men Without Being Known of Them.

[4914] Reading αὐτοὺς.

[4915] John vii. 37.

23. Heracleon’s View of This Utterance of John the Baptist, and Interpretation of the Shoe of Jesus.

[4916] Isa. lxi. 1.

[4917] Isa. lxv. 1.

[4918] Ps. ii. 6.

[4919] Matt. v. 34, 35.

[4920] Jer. xxiii. 24.

24. The Name of the Place Where John Baptized is Not Bethany, as in Most Copies, But Bethabara. Proof of This. Similarly “Gergesa” Should Be Read for “Gerasa,” In the Story of the Swine. Attention is to Be Paid to the Proper Names in Scripture, Which are Often Written Inaccurately, and are of Importance for Interpretation.

[4921] John i. 28.

[4922] John xi. 1, 18.

[4923] Luke x. 41, 43.

[4924] Matt. viii. 28, 32; Mark v. 1, 13; Luke viii. 26-37.

[4925] Gen. xlvi. 11; Ex. vi. 16.

[4926] Ex. ii. 22.

[4927] Gen. xxxviii. 4.

[4928] Num. 33.6.

[4929] The name “Saul” or “David” should probably stand here. 1 Chron. x., where the genealogies give place to narrative.

25. Jordan Means “Their Going Down.” Spiritual Meanings and Application of This.

[4930] Psa. 46.4.

26. The Story of Israel Crossing Jordan Under Joshua is Typical of Christian Things, and is Written for Our Instruction.

[4931] John vi. 53.

[4932] Luke xii. 50.

[4933] 1 John v. 8.

[4934] 1 Cor. 10.1-4.

[4935] Exod. xiv. 11.

[4936] Josh. iii. 5.

[4937] Philipp. ii. 9-11.

[4938] Josh. 3.7.

[4939] Josh. iii. 9, 10.

[4940] Josh. v. 9.

[4941] John 6.49.

27. Of Elijah and Elisha Crossing the Jordan.

[4942] 2 Kings ii. 8, 11.

28. Naaman the Syrian and the Jordan. No Other Stream Has the Same Healing Power.

[4943] 2 Kings v. 9, 10.

[4944] Matt. viii. 2, 3.

[4945] Matt. xix. 17; Mark x. 18; Luke xviii. 19.

[4946] Jer. 2.18.

29. The River of Egypt and Its Dragon, Contrasted with the Jordan.

[4947] Ezek. 29.3-5.

30. Of What John Learned from Jesus When Mary Visited Elisabeth in the Hill Country.

[4948] John i. 29.

[4949] Luke iii. 14.

[4950] Matt. xiv. 2.

[4951] Luke i. 41, 42.

31. Of the Conversation Between John and Jesus at the Baptism, Recorded by Matthew Only.

[4952] Matt. 3.13.

[4953] Mark 1.9.

32. John Calls Jesus a “Lamb.” Why Does He Name This Animal Specially? Of the Typology of the Sacrifices, Generally.

[4954] John i. 29.

[4955] Heb. viii. 5; ix. 23.

[4956] Heb. v. 14.

[4957] 1 Cor. ii. 6.

[4958] Exod. xxix. 38-44.

33. A Lamb Was Offered at the Morning and Evening Sacrifice. Significance of This.

[4959] Exod. xxix. 38-44.

35. Jesus is a Lamb in Respect of His Human Nature.

[4960] Isa. liii. 7.

[4961] Jer. xi. 19.

[4962] Rev. 5.6.

[4963] John x. 18.

36. Of the Death of the Martyrs Considered as a Sacrifice, and in What Way It Operates to the Benefit of Others.

[4964] Hosea xiv. 10.

[4965] Judges xi. 35.

[4966] Wisdom xvii. 1.

[4967] 1 Clement, 55.

[4968] Philipp. iv. 3.

37. Of the Effects of the Death of Christ, of His Triumph After It, and of the Removal by His Death of the Sins of Men.

[4969] 1 Cor. iv. 13.

[4970] 1 John ii. 1, 2.

[4971] 1 Tim. iv. 10.

[4972] Coloss. ii. 14, 15.

[4973] Ps. lxxii. 12.

[4974] Ps. xxiv. 8.

[4975] John xx. 17.

[4976] Isa. lxiii. 1.

[4977] Ps. xxiv. 7, 9.

[4978] Gen. xlix. 2.

[4979] Luke xii. 50.

[4980] Ps. cx. 1.

[4981] 1 Cor. xv. 26.

[4982] Prov. 26.9.

38. The World, of Which the Sin is Taken Away, is Said to Be the Church. Reasons for Not Agreeing with This Opinion.

[4983] κοσμος means both “ornament” and “world.”

[4984] Matt. v. 14.

[4985] Matt. xxiv. 12.

[4986] Luke xviii. 8.

[4987] 1 Tim. iv. 10.

1. Jesus Comes to Capernaum. Statements of the Four Evangelists Regarding This.

[4988] John ii. 12-25.

[4989] The text is doubtful here, but the above seems to be the meaning.

[4990] Nazara is with Origen a neuter plural.

[4991] Matt. 4.11-15,17.

[4992] Mark 1.13-14,21.

[4993] Luke 4.13-16.

[4994] Luke 4.21 sqq.

2. The Discrepancy Between John and the First Three Gospels at This Part of the Narrative, Literally Read, the Narratives Cannot Be Harmonized: They Must Be Interpreted Spiritually.

[4995] John iii. 23-26.

[4996] John 3.24.

4. Scripture Contains Many Contradictions, and Many Statements Which are Not Literally True, But Must Be Read Spiritually and Mystically.

[4997] Gen. xxvii.

[4998] Rom. i. 3.

[4999] Philipp. ii. 8.

5. Paul Also Makes Contradictory Statements About Himself, and Acts in Opposite Ways at Different Times.

[5000] Rom. vii. 14.

[5001] 2 Cor. xii. 3, 4, 5.

[5002] 1 Cor. ix. 20-22.

[5003] 1 Cor. vii. 6.

[5004] 2 Cor. xi. 29.

[5005] Acts xxi. 24, 26.

[5006] Acts xvi. 3.

[5007] Acts xvii. 23.

[5008] Aratus phenom. 5.

6. Different Accounts of the Call of Peter, and of the Imprisonment of the Baptist. The Meaning of “Capernaum.”

[5009] John i. 41.

[5010] Matt. iv. 18. Cf. Mark i. 16.

[5011] John 4.1,2.

7. Why His Brothers are Not Called to the Wedding; And Why He Abides at Capernaum Not Many Days.

[5012] Matt. 28.20.

8. How Christ Abides with Believers to the End of the Age, and Whether He Abides with Them After that Consummation.

[5013] Gal. ii. 20.

[5014] 2 Cor. xiii. 3.

9. Heracleon Says that Jesus is Not Stated to Have Done Anything at Capernaum. But in the Other Gospels He Does Many Things There.

[5015] Mark 1.14-27.

[5016] Luke 4.31-41.

10. Significance of Capernaum.

[5017] Matt. 8.5 sqq.

11. Why the Passover is Said to Be that of the “Jews.” Its Institution: and the Distinction Between “Feasts of the Lord” And Feasts Not So Spoken of.

[5018] John ii. 13.

[5019] Exod. xii. 1-3.

[5020] Exod. 12.11.

[5021] Exod. 12.26.

[5022] Exod. 12.43-48.

[5023] Exod. 12.48.

[5024] Isa. i. 13.

[5025] Exod. 16.23.

[5026] Num. 28.1.

[5027] Exod. viii. 21-23.

[5028] Exod. xxxii. 7.

[5029] Levit. xxiii. 2.

[5030] 1 Cor. v. 7.

[5031] Hosea ix. 5.

[5032] Heb. 12.22,23.

[5033] Col. 2.16.

13. Spiritual Meaning of the Passover.

[5034] 1 Cor. v. 8.

[5035] Exod. xii. 8.

[5036] John 19.32.

[5037] Exod. xii. 5.

[5038] John vi. 53.

[5039] John vi. 48-50.

[5040] Deut. 9.9.

[5041] 2 Tim. iv. 3, 4.

[5042] Jer. v. 14.

[5043] Luke xxiv. 32.

[5044] Jer. 20.9.

14. In the First Three Gospels the Passover is Spoken of Only at the Close of the Ministry; In John at the Beginning. Remarks on This. Heracleon on the Passover.

[5045] Matt. 4.11 sqq.

[5046] Matt. viii.

[5047] Matt. 8.23.

[5048] Matt. 26.2.

15. Discrepancy of the Gospel Narratives Connected with the Cleansing of the Temple.

[5049] John ii. 13-17.

[5050] Matt. xxi. 10-13.

[5051] Luke xix. 41, 42.

[5052] Matt. xxi. 1.

[5053] Mark xi. 1-12.

[5054] Luke xix. 29.

[5055] John xii. 12-15.

16. The Story of the Purging of the Temple Spiritualized. Taken Literally, It Presents Some Very Difficult and Unlikely Features.

[5056] John ii. 13.

[5057] Matt. v. 35.

[5058] Ps. cxxv. 2.

[5059] Ps. cxxii. 2, 3, 4.

[5060] 1 Tim. iii. 15.

[5061] Matt. xxi. 43.

[5062] Ps. xxxiii. 10.

17. Matthew’s Story of the Entry into Jerusalem. Difficulties Involved in It for Those Who Take It Literally.

[5063] Matt. 21.10.

[5064] Zech. ix. 9.

[5065] Zech. ix. 9.

[5066] Luke xix. 40.

18. The Ass and the Colt are the Old and the New Testament. Spiritual Meaning of the Various Features of the Story. Differences Between John’s Narrative and that of the Other Evangelists.

[5067] 1 Cor. ii. 16.

[5068] Song of Sol. i. 15.

[5069] Ephes. vi. 12.

[5070] Isa. i. 7.

[5071] 2 Cor. iii. 14.

[5072] Heb. i. 11.

[5073] Ephes. ii. 12.

[5074] Mark xi. 15.

[5075] Luke xix. 41.

[5076] Zech. ix. 10.

[5077] Ps. xxxiii. 17.

[5078] Zech. ix. 9, 10.

[5079] Ps. lxxiv. 13.

[5080] Mark 11.2.

[5081] Isa. xxx. 6.

19. Various Views of Heracleon on Purging of the Temple.

[5082] ἐν τῶ ἱερῷ, not τῷ ναῷ. The latter is Neander’s correction for τῶν ἄνω, “the things above.” Heracleon’s point is that the ἰερόν, the Holy of Holies, represents the spiritual realm; and that Jesus entered it as being, as well as the ναος, in need of His saving work.

[5083] Acts v. 20.

[5084] Acts v. 29, 30.

20. The Temple Which Christ Says He Will Raise Up is the Church. How the Dry Bones Will Be Made to Live Again.

[5085] John ii. 18, 19.

[5086] 1 Pet. ii. 5.

[5087] Ephes. ii. 20.

[5088] 1 Cor. xii. 27.

[5089] Psa. 22.14.

[5090] 2 Peter iii. 3, 10, 13.

[5091] Ezek. xxxvii. 11.

[5092] Gal. vi. 14.

[5093] Rom. vi. 4.

[5094] These words do not occur in Rom. vi. 4.

[5095] Ezek. 37.1-4.

[5096] Ps. xxii. 13.

[5097] Ephes. iv. 13.

[5098] 1 Cor. xii. 12 sq.

21. That the Son Was Raised Up by the Father. The Charge Brought Against Jesus at His Trial Was Based on the Incident Now Before Us.

[5099] John xv. 3.

[5100] 1 Cor. xv. 22-24.

[5101] Luke xxiii. 43.

[5102] John xx. 17.

[5103] 1 Cor. xv. 15.

[5104] John v. 19.

[5105] Matt. xxvi. 61; Mark xiv. 58.

22. The Temple of Solomon Did Not Take Forty-Six Years to Build. With Regard to that of Ezra We Cannot Tell How Long It Took. Significance of the Number Forty-Six.

[5106] John ii. 20.

[5107] 1 Kings v. 18.

[5108] 1 Kings vi. 1.

[5109] 2 Sam. vii. 2.

[5110] 1 Chron. xxii. 8; xxvii. 3.

[5111] 1 Chron. xxix. 1-5.

[5112] LXX. reads “besides what;” neither reading yields a good sense.

[5113] 1 Kings ii. 11.

[5114] Ezra vi. 1.

[5115] Reading ἠγωνισμένοις. Another suggested reading is γεγωνιωμένοις, which might give the sense “at the corners.” Neither is satisfactory.

23. The Temple Spoken of by Christ is the Church. Application to the Church of the Statements Regarding the Building of Solomon’s Temple, and the Numbers Stated in that Narrative.

[5116] John ii. 21.

[5117] 1 Cor. xii. 27.

[5118] 1 Pet. ii. 5.

[5119] 1 Kings v. 3-5.

[5120] 1 Cor. xv. 25.

[5121] 1 Chron. xxii. 9.

[5122] Ps. cxx. 7.

[5123] 1 Kings v. 15-18.

24. The Account of the Building of Solomon’s Temple Contains Serious Difficulties and is to Be Interpreted Spiritually.

[5124] 1 Kings vi. 8.

[5125] 1 Kings vi. 10.

[5126] 1 Kings vi. 16, 19, the “oracle.”

[5127] 1 Kings vi. 21.

25. Further Spiritualizing of Solomon’s Temple-Building.

[5128] 1 Kings vii. 13.

[5129] Coloss. i. 15.

[5130] 1 Kings vi. 4.

26. The Promises Addressed to Jerusalem in the Prophets Refer to the Church, and are Still to Be Fulfilled.

[5131] Isa. liv. 11-14.

[5132] Isa. lx. 13-20.

[5133] Matt. xv. 24.

[5134] Isa. liv. 15.

[5135] Rev. 3.12.

27. Of the Belief the Disciples Afterwards Attained in the Words of Jesus.

[5136] John ii. 22.

[5137] John 20.29.

[5138] Matt. xiii. 16.

[5139] John xx. 29.

[5140] Luke ii. 29, 30.

[5141] 1 Cor. xiii. 12.

28. The Difference Between Believing in the Name of Jesus and Believing in Jesus Himself.

[5142] John 2.23-25.

[5143] John iii. 18.

[5144] Matt. vii. 21-23.

[5145] Philipp. iv. 13.

[5146] John ii. 13.

[5147] Matt. vii. 14.

30. How Jesus Knew the Powers, Better or Worse, Which Reside in Man.

[5148] John xiii. 2-27.

[5149] Ps. lxxxiv. 5.

 

 

 

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