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Against Celsus
[3070] This individual is mentioned by Eusebius (Eccles. Hist., vi. c. 18) as having been converted from the heresy of Valentinus to the faith of the Church by the efforts of Origen. [Lardner (Credib., vii. 210–212) is inclined to “place” Celsus in the year 176. Here and elsewhere this learned authority is diffuse on the subject, and merits careful attention.]
[3071] Cf. Matt. xxvi. 59-63.
[3072] Cf. Matt. xxvii. 11-14.
[3073] Μεγαλοφυῶς ὑπερεωρακέναι τοὺς κατηγόρους.
[3074] Cf. Matt. xxvii. 17.
[3075] Cf. Matt. xxvii. 18.
[3078] Rom. viii. 37, ὑπερνικῶμεν.
[3079] ἤ τινος πιθανότητος λόγου.
[3081] Cf. Jer. xx. 7.
[3082] Καὶ ὥσπερ οὐ τὸ τυχὸν τῶν ψευδομένων ἐν γεωμετρικοῖς θεωρήμασι ψευδογραφούμενόν τις ἂν λέγοι, ἢ καὶ ἀναγράφοι γυμνασίου ἕνεκεν τοῦ ἀπὸ τοιούτων. Cf. note of Ruæus in loc.
[3084] σωματοποιῆσαι.
[3085] τὴν καλουμένην ἀγάπην.
[3086] ἀθέσμους.
[3087] παρανομίαν.
[3088] τῷ λόγῳ.
[3089] τὸν ἠθικὸν τόπον.
[3090] τὸ βούλημα τοῦ νόμου.
[3091] ὁ λόγος.
[3092] Cf. Matt. vii. 22.
[3093] The words, as they stand in the text of Lommatzsch, are, ἀλλὰ καὶ μὴν νοηθὲν τὸ περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως μυστήριον. Ruæus would read μή instead of μήν. This emendation has been adopted in the translation.
[3094] δεινότητος.
[3095] λόγῳ καὶ λογικῷ ὁδηγῷ.
[3096] συμβολικῶς γεγενημένων, ἢ νενομοθετημένων.
[3097] σφόδρα ὀλίγων ἐπὶ τὸν λόγον ᾀττόντων.
[3098] ἀποκληρωτικῶς.
[3099] μᾶλλον εὐγνωμόνως.
[3100] ἀπὸ πρώτης προσβολῆς.
[3101] Παρ᾽ οἶς εἰσι τελεταὶ, πρεσβευόμεναι μὲν λογικῶς ὑπὸ τῶν παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς λογίων, συμβολικῶς δὲ γινόμεναι ὑπὸ τῶν παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς πολλῶν καὶ ἐπιπολαιοτέρων. For γινόμεναι Ruæus prefers γινωσκόμεναι, which is adopted in the translation.
[3103] μετενσωματώσεως.
[3104] ῎Ετι δε ὅτι καὶ κατὰ τὸ τῷ λόγῳ ἀρέσκον, πολλῷ διαφέρει μετὰ λόγου καὶ σοφίας συγκατατίθεσθαι τοῖς δόγμασιν, ἤπερ μετὰ ψιλῆς τῆς πίστεως· καὶ ὅτι κατὰ περίστασιν καὶ τοῦτ᾽ ἐβουλήθη ὁ Λόγος, ἵνα μὴ πάντη ἀνωφελεῖς ἐάσῃ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, δηλοῖ ὁ τοῦ ᾽Ιησοῦ γνήσιος μαθητής, etc.
[3106] [ἀρχαιότητος. See Josephus’s Works, for the treatise in two books, usually designated, as written, Against Apion. S.]
[3107] [See vol. ii. pp. 80, 81. S.]
[3108] Οἱονεὶ κωλύεται, κατηγορήσας ὡς βούλεται, ἀπολογεῖσθαι τοὺς δυναμένους ὡς πέφυκεν ἔχειν τὰ πράγματα. We have taken κωλύεται as middle. Some propose κωλύει. And we have read βούλονταί, a lection which is given by a second hand in one ms.
[3109] ᾽Επιτρίψαι. Other readings are ἐπιστρέψαι and ἀποστρέψαι, which convey the opposite meaning.
[3110] αὐτόθεν.
[3111] [See Dr. Waterland’s charge to the clergy, on “The Wisdom of the Ancients borrowed from Divine Revelation,” Works, vol. v. pp. 10, 24. S.]
[3114] ἀναπλάσματα.
[3115] τὴν ἀπλανῆ.
[3116] ᾽Επὶ τὸν τυφλὸν πλοῦτον, καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν σαρκῶν καὶ αἱμάτων καὶ ὀστέων συμμετρίαν ἐν ὑγιείᾳ καὶ εὐεξίᾳ, ἢ την νομιζομένην εὐγένειαν.
[3118] ῾Ως γενομένου ἡγεμόνος τῇ καθὸ Χριστιανοί ἐσμεν γενέσει ἡμῶν.
[3119] οὐ κολακεύων.
[3120] ἰδιωτικήν.
[3121] σεῖσαι.
[3122] [This striking chapter is cited, as a specimen of Christian eloquence, in the important work of Guillon, Cours d’ Eloquence Sacrèe, Bruxelles, 1828].
[3123] Gelenius reads ὁπλίζων (instead of ἀλείφων), which has been adopted in the translation.
[3124] Cf. Homer’s Iliad, v. 2, 3.
[3125] Cf. Isa. 7.10-14; Matt. 1.23.
[3126] νεᾶνις.
[3127] νεᾶνιν.
[3128] Cf. Deut. xxii. 23, 24.
[3129] τῇ νεάνιδι.
[3130] Cf. Isa. vii. 11.
[3132] Cf. Eph. iv. 10.
[3133] Cf. Deut. xviii. 14.
[3134] Cf. Deut. xviii. 14.
[3135] Cf. Deut. xviii. 15.
[3136] Cf. 1 Sam. ix. 10.
[3137] Cf. 1 Kings xiv. 12. [See note 3, supra, p. 362. S.]
[3138] Cf. 2 Kings i. 3.
[3139] Πεποίηκεν ἀντὶ σπερματικοῦ λόγου, τοῦ ἐκ μίξεως τῶν ἀῤῥένων ταῖς γυναιξὶ, ἄλλῳ τρόπῳ γενέσθαι τὸν λόγον τοῦ τεχθησομένου.
[3140] This difficult passage is rendered in the Latin translation: “but that, after they had believed (in Christ), they with no adequate supply of arguments, such as is furnished by the Greek dialectics, gave themselves up,” etc.
[3141] Cf. Ezek. i. 1.
[3142] Cf. Ezek. i. 28 and ii. 1.
[3143] Cf. Isa. vi. 1, 2.
[3144] χαρίσματι.
[3145] Cf. Isa. xlviii. 16.
[3146] [ἀρχαιολογίας. S.] Cf. Joseph., Antiq., book xviii. c. v. sec. 2.
[3147] [Ibid., b. xx. c. ix. § 1. S.]
[3148] Cf. Gal. i. 19.
[3149] Cf. Prov. ii. 5.
[3150] Cf. 2 Cor. ii. 15.
[3151] Cf. 1 John i. 1.
[3152] Cf. Ezek. iii. 2, 3.
[3153] ᾽Ωσφράνθη τῆς ὀσμῆς τῶν τοῦ υἱοῦ θειοτέρων ἱματίων.
[3154] Cf. Gen. xxvii. 27.
[3155] Cf. Matt. viii. 3.
[3156] Cf. John i. 32-34.
[3157] Cf. John i. 51.
[3158] Cf. 2 Cor. xii. 2.
[3159] Cf. Matt. xvii. 9.
[3162] παντοδαπῶς προεῖπον.
[3163] Cf. Mic. v. 2. and Matt. ii. 6.
[3164] [See Dr. Spencer’s The East: Sketches of Travel in Egypt and the Holy Land, pp. 362–365, London, Murray, 1850, an interesting work by my esteemed collaborator.]
[3165] [Concerning this, besides Dr. Robinson (ii. 159), consult Dean Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, p. 433. But compare Van Lennep, Bible Lands, p. 804; Roberts’ Holy Land, capp. 85, 87, vol. ii., London.]
[3166] Cf. John vii. 42.
[3167] Cf. Matt. xxviii. 13, 14.
[3168] Cf. Gen. xlix. 10, ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ τὰ ἀποκείμενα αὐτῷ. This is one of the passages of the Septuagint which Justin Martyr charges the Jews with corrupting; the true reading, according to him, being ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ᾧ ἀπόκειται. Cf. Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, vol. i. p. 259.
[3169] Cf. Gen. xlix. 10.
[3170] Isa. xlii. 4. (Sept.).
[3171] Cf. Isa. xlix. 8, 9.
[3173] ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν.
[3174] Cf. Isa. lii. 13-15 in the Septuagint version (Roman text).
[3175] Cf. Isa. liii. 1-8 in the Septuagint version (Roman text).
[3176] [Col. ii. 15. S.]
[3179] πρὸς τὸν Χριστόν.
[3181] Cf. Acts v. 38, 39.
[3182] Cf. Num. xxiv. 17 (Septuag.).
[3183] Cf. Num. xxiv. 17 (Septuag.).
[3184] Cf. John xviii. 36.
[3185] Λέβης.
[3186] Cf. Mark 3.18; Matt. 10.3.
[3188] Cf. 1 Cor. ii. 4, 5.
[3189] Cf. Ps. lxviii. 11 (Septuag.).
[3193] Epistle of Barnabas, chap. v. vol. i. p. 139.
[3195] Cf. 1 Tim. i. 15.
[3196] ἀπὸ οἰκήματος. Such is the reading in the text of Lommatzsch. Hoeschel and Spencer read ἀπὸ οἰκήματος ἐτείου, and Ruaus proposes ἑταιρίου.
[3197] Cf. Tit. iii. 3-6.
[3198] Cf. Ps. cvii. 20.
[3199] Cf. Matt. x. 23.
[3200] Cf. Iliad, v. 340.
[3202] Cf. John viii. 40.
[3203] Cf. Matt. i. 20.
[3204] Cf. Matt. ii. 13.
[3205] [Note the words, “The whole habitable world,” and comp. cap. iii., supra, “the defeat of the whole world.” In cap. vii. is another important testimony. “Countless numbers” is the phrase in cap. xxvii. See cap. xxix. also, ad finem. Such evidence cannot be explained away.]
[3206] ὡς δικαιωθησομένους.
[3207] μέγαν ἀγωνιστήν.
[3208] [1 Pet. ii. 22; 2 Cor. v. 21. S.]
[3210] [Comp. Justin, Dial. with Trypho (passim), vol. i., this series.]
[3211] πιθανώτατος.
[3212] ןוֹיבְאֶ.
[3213] Cf. Acts x. 9-15.
[3214] Cf. Gal. ii. 12.
[3215] Cf. Acts xxi. 26.
[3220] τῶν ἐπιπολαιότερον καὶ μυθικώτερον αὐτοῖς ἐντυγχανόντων.
[3223] ἕωλα.
[3224] μύθους καὶ λήρους.
[3225] τοῖς κάτω ᾽Ιουδαίοις.
[3226] μυθολογίας.
[3229] ἀλαζονεία.
[3234] [“The Fathers, while they refer to extraordinary divine agency going on in their own day, also with one consent represent miracles as having ceased since the apostolic era.”—Mozley’s Bampton Lectures, On Miracles, p. 165. See also, Newman’s Essay on the Miracles of the Early Ages, quoted by Mozley. S.]
[3236] Herodot., i. cap. 47.
[3237] καὶ Θεὸν κατὰ τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν καὶ πατέρα. “Ex mente Origenis, inquit Boherellus, vertendum ‘Secundo post universi Deum atque parentem loco;” non cum interprete Gelenio, ‘Ipsius rerum universarum Dei atque Parentis testimonio.’ Nam si hic esset sensus, frustra post ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν, adderetur κατὰ τὸν Θεόν. Præterea, hæc epitheta, τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν καὶ πατέρα, manifestam continent antithesin ad ista, μεγάλην ὄντα δύναμιν καὶ Θεόν, ut Pater supra Filium evehatur, quemadmodum evehitur, ab Origene infra libro octavo, num. 15. Τοῦ, κατά, inferiorem ordinem denotantis exempla afferre supersedeo, cum obvia sint.”—Ruæus. [See also Liddon’s Bampton Lectures on The Divinity of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, p. 414, where he says, “Origen maintains Christ’s true divinity against the contemptuous criticisms of Celsus” (book ii. 9, 16, seq.; vii. 53, etc.). S.]
[3239] περιγεγραμμένον τινά.
[3244] εἰ γὰρ κατὰ τὴν Παύλου διδασκαλίαν, λέγοντος· “ὁ κολλώμενος τῷ κυρίῳ, ἓν πνεῦμά ἐστι·” πᾶς ὁ νοησας τί τὸ κολλᾶσθαι τῷ κυρίῳ, καὶ κολληθεὶς αὐτῷ, ἕν ἐστι πνεῦμα πρὸς τὸν κύριον· πῶς οὐ πολλῷ μᾶλλον θειοτέρως καὶ μειζόνως ἕν ἐστι τό ποτε σύνθετον πρὸς τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ;
[3247] John xviii. 4 sqq.
[3250] διάπυρος καὶ σφόδρα.
[3251] ἀπίθανον.
[3252] Ps. cix. 1, 2. [cviii. 1, 2, Sept. S.]
[3253] Ps. cix. 8. [cviii. 8, Sept. S.]
[3254] τερετίσματα.
[3255] [See De Princip., iv. i. 5, where Origen gives the length of our Lord’s ministry as “only a year and a few months.” S.]
[3256] Cf. Clem. Alex., Strom., v. c. ix. [See vol. ii. pp. 457, 458. S.]
[3257] δοκούσῃ δεινότητι ῥητορικῇ.
[3259] Modestinus, lib. vi. Regularum, ad legem Corneliam de Sicariis: “Circumcidere filios suos Judæis tantum rescripto divi Pii permittitur: in non ejusdem religionis qui hoc fecerit, castrantis pœna irrogatur.”
[3262] [“Celsus quotes the writings of the disciples of Jesus concerning His life, as possessing unquestioned authority; and that these were the four canonical Gospels is proved both by the absence of all evidence to the contrary, and by the special facts which he brings forward. And not only this, but both Celsus and Porphyry appear to have been acquainted with the Pauline Epistles” (Westcott’s History of the Canon of the New Testament, pp. 464, 465, 137, 138, 401, 402). See also infra, cap. lxxiv. S.]
[3263] [Luke xxi. 20. S.]
[3264] ὅσα περὶ τούτου καὶ παρὰ τῷ Παύλῳ πεφιλοσόφηται.
[3265] Cf. Plato, de Rep., x. p. 614.
[3266] Cf. Plin., Nat. Hist., vii. c. 52.
[3269] Οὐ μόνον οὖν οὐχ ὁ νεκρὸς ἀθάνατος, ἀλλ᾽ οὐδ᾽ ὁ πρὸ τοῦ νεκροῦ ᾽Ιησοῦς ὁ σύνθετος ἀθάνατος ἦν, ὅς γε ἔμελλε τεθνήξεσθαι.
[3271] οὕτως ἀθρόως.
[3272] εὐτελέσι.
[3273] ἀργὸς λόγος.
[3274] Euripid., Phœnissæ, 18–20.
[3275] ἀντὶ τοῦ ἕσται.
[3277] ἁλῶν καὶ τραπέζης.
[3278] Archilochus.
[3279] Guietus would expunge these words as “inept.”
[3283] καὶ ταῦτα δὲ πολλὴν ἔχοντα διήγησιν ἀπὸ σοφίας Θεοῦ οἷς ὁ Παῦλος ὠνόμασε τελείοις εὐλόγως παραδοθησέμένην.
[3286] The original here is probably corrupt: ῞Οτι ἐχρῆν αὐτὸν (ὣς φησι) φειδόμενον ἀνθρώπων αὐτὰς ἐκθέσθαι τὰς προφητείας, καὶ συναγορεύσαντα ταῖς πιθανότησιν αὐτῶν, τὴν φαινομένην αὐτῶν ἀνατροπὴν τῆς χρήσεως τῶν προφητικῶν ἐκθέσθαι. For φειδόμενον Boherellus would read κηδόμενον, and τὴν φαινομένην αὐτῷ ἀνατροπήν.
[3287] ὄλεθρον.
[3288] [In fulfillment of the great plan foreshadowed in Daniel, and promised by Hag. 2.7, where I adhere to the Anglican version and the Vulgate.]
[3290] Cf. Matt. 27.51-52; Luke 23.44-45.
[3291] ὦ οὗτος.
[3292] [Testimony not to be scorned.]
[3293] On Phlegon, cf. note in Migne, pp. 823, 854. [See also vol. iii. Elucidation V. p. 58.]
[3294] Eurip., Bacchæ, 498 (ed. Dindorf).
[3295] Cf. Euseb., Hist. Eccles., bk. ii. c. vii.
[3297] Cf. Iliad, v. 340.
[3298] Cf. John xix. 34, 35.
[3299] Cf. Matt. xxvii. 54.
[3300] χανδόν.
[3302] ὦ πιστότατοι.
[3303] τὸν Χριστόν.
[3304] τὰ ἀνθρώπων.
[3305] μαρτύρασθαι περὶ τῶν πρακτέων.
[3306] παραδόξως.
[3307] τῆς τῶν λόγων αὐτοῦ ἀκολουθίας.
[3308] ἐπιφανείας.
[3309] τὴν περὶ αὐτοῦ ἀδιάστροφον ἔννοιαν.
[3310] πόνον.
[3311] ἀγῶνα τὸν πρῶτον καὶ μέγιστον τῆς ψυχῆς.
[3312] [See Dean Plumptre’s The Spirits in Prison: Studies on the Life after Death, p. 85. S.]
[3313] τῆς κατὰ τὴν κακίαν χύσεως.
[3314] καὶ ταῦτα.
[3317] The reading in the text is εἰ καὶ ἴσμεν; for which both Bohereau and De la Rue propose ἐπεὶ ἴσμεν, which has been adopted in the translation: cf. ἐπεὶ ἐκολάσθη, infra.
[3318] Cf. Isa. xxxv. 5, 6.
[3319] ὧν ᾽Ιησοῦς αἰσθητῶν.
[3320] φαντασιῶν.
[3322] Cf. Matt. 7.22-23; Luke 13.26-27.
[3323] θειότης, lit. divinity.
[3327] Cf. Dan. vii. 26.
[3328] συναρπάζει τὸν λόγον.
[3329] φάσσα.
[3330] περιστερά.
[3331] [δεήσεται. S.]
[3332] ὥστε μηδὲν διαφέρειν παραπλήσιον εἶναι λέγειν γοητειαν της ᾽Ιησοῦ τῇ Μωϋσέως.
[3334] Cf. Deut. xxxiv. 5, 6.
[3335] Cf. Herodot., iv. 95.
[3336] Cf. Herodot., ii. 122.
[3337] Cf. Herodot., ii. 122.
[3338] Cf. Diodor., iv., Bibl. Hist.
[3339] αὐτῷ σώματι. [See Mozley’s Bampton Lectures On Miracles, 3d ed., p. 297: “That a man should rise from the dead, was treated by them (the heathen) as an absolutely incredible fact.” S.]
[3340] γυνη πάροιστρος.
[3341] κατά τινα διάθεσιν ὀνειρώξας.
[3342] ἢ κατά τὴν αὐτοῦ βούλησιν δόξῃ πεπλανημένῃ φαντασιωθείς.
[3343] Cf. Ex. xxiv. 2.
[3344] τερατείας.
[3345] πῶς οἴονται τὸ παραπλήσιον πλάσασθαι λέγειν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἱστορουμένοις, etc.
[3346] καταβεβηκέναι βιᾷ. Bohereau proposes the omission of βιᾷ.
[3347] ἐτερατεύσατο.
[3348] Cf. 1 Kings xvii. 21, 22. [3 Kings, Sept. and Vulg. S.]
[3349] Cf. 2 Kings iv. 34, 35. [4 Kings, Sept. and Vulg. S.]
[3350] τερατευομένοις.
[3351] τερατείαν.
[3352] [See cap. xxxiii., note, p. 455, supra.]
[3354] εἰ δὲ τὸ “ἐπήρκεσεν ” ἀπὸ τῶν μέσων καὶ σωματικῶν λαμβάνει.
[3355] τὰ μὲν οὖν γινόμενα περὶ ψυχῆς τεθνηκότων φαντάσματα ἀπό τινος ὑποκειμένου γίνεται, τοῦ κατὰ τὴν ὑφεστηκυῖαν ἐν τῷ καλουμένῳ αὐγοειδεῖ σώματι ψυχήν. Cf. note in Benedictine ed.
[3356] ὕπαρ.
[3357] ἐν σώματι ἀντιτύπῳ ἐγηγέρθαι.
[3358] ψυχῆς σῶμα.
[3359] Cf. Homer, Iliad, xxiii. 66, 67.
[3360] Cf. John xx. 27.
[3365] Cf. John xx. 26.
[3367] πλείονα τῇ ἐπινοίᾳ ἦν.
[3368] οὕτω καὶ ταῖς ὄψεσι πάντως μὲν τῆς ψυχῆς, ἐγὼ δ᾽ ἡγοῦμαι, ὅτι καὶ τοῦ σώματος.
[3371] τὸν μὴ ἀπεκδυσάμενον, etc. Cf. Alford, in loco (Col. ii. 15).
[3372] διηνεκῶς.
[3373] τὴν οικονομίαν τελεσαντος.
[3374] χρήσιμον δ᾽ οἶμαι πρὸς ἀπολογίαν τῶν προκειμένων.
[3375] Cf. Rom. xiv. 9.
[3377] Cf. 1 Cor. 15.52; 1 Thess. 4.16.
[3378] Cf. 1 Thess. iv. 13-15.
[3380] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 2, 3.
[3381] οὕτω μοι νόει καὶ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ ὦφθαι τῇ παραπλησίᾳ εἰς τὸ περὶ ἐκείνων, εἰς τὸ ὦφθαι αὐτοῖς τὸν Θεόν, κρίσει.
[3382] Cf. Gen. xix. 10, 11. [Also Jude 7, “strange (or other) flesh.”]
[3383] Cf. Luke xxiv. 30, 31.
[3384] Cf. Gal. vi. 14.
[3388] Cf. Rom. vi. 4.
[3389] Luke xxiii. 53, οὐκ ἦν οὔπω οὐδεὶς κείμενος.
[3390] John xix. 41, ἐν ᾧ οὐδέπω οὐδεὶς ἐτέθη.
[3391] Cf. Matt. 27.60; John 19.41.
[3392] Cf. Luke 23.53; John 19.41.
[3393] τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ θιασώταις.
[3396] λέγω δὲ οὐ περὶ τῶν σχέσιν πρὸς ἕτερα ἐχόντων, ἀλλὰ περὶ τῶν κατὰ διαφοράν.
[3397] ἐναντίον τὸν μὲν κολαζόμενον πᾶσιν ἑωρᾶσθαι, ἀναστάντα δὲ ἑνί. The Benedictine editor reads τὸν μὲν κολαζόμενον, and Bohereau proposes ἐναντίον τῷ κολαζόμενον μὲν, etc.
[3398] Cf. Luke x. 22.
[3400] ὧν ἴχνη ἐν τοῖς γεγραμμένοις εὑρίσκοντες ἀφορμὰς ἔχομεν θεολογεῖν.
[3403] The text is, τοὺς δὲ ἁμαρτάνοντας ἢ μεταγνόντας ἐλεήσων. Bohereau would read μὴ μεταγνόντας, or would render the passage as if the reading were ἢ ἁμαρτανόντας, ἢ μεταγνόντας. This suggestion has been adopted in the translation.
[3405] οὐδέπω δὲ λέγω, ὅτι οὐ πάντως ἐστὶν ἀὴρ πεπληγμένος· ἢ πληγὴ ἀέρος, ἢ ὅ τι ποτὲ λέγεται ἐν τοῖς περὶ φωνῆς.
[3406] Cf. Matt. xi. 28.
[3407] αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἑαυτοῖς περιπίπτετε. [See note supra, cap. xiii. p. 437. S.]
[3408] Cf. Ex. xxxii. 4.
[3409] The text reads ἡμῶν, for which Bohereau and the Benedictine editor propose either ὑμᾶς or ἡμᾶς, the former of which is preferred by Lommatzsch.
[3410] κατ᾽ ἀμφοτέρας τὰς ἀρχὰς τῶν πραγμάτων ἀπιστοῦντι;
[3411] Cf. Luke xi. 48.
[3412] Cf. Deut. xxviii. 66.
[3421] Cf. Odyss., x. 281.
[3422] ὑπὲρ ἐπιστροφῆς.
[3423] Cf. Odyss., xii. 45.
[3424] Ibid., xii. 184.
[3425] παιώνιον φάρμακον.
[3426] εἶτε διαρθροῦντα τὸ τοιοῦτον παρ᾽ ἑαυτῷ.
[3427] καὶ δυνάμενον πρεσβεῦσαι περὶ τοῦ λόγου καλῶς.
[3428] ἀλλὰ μυθικώτερον συγκατατιθέμενον τῷ λόγῳ.
[3429] Cf. 2 Sam. xxii. 44, 45.
[3430] Cf. Isa. lxv. 1.
[3431] οὐχὶ ἔθνος, ἀλλὰ λογάδας πανταχόθεν.
[3432] Cf. Deut. xxxii. 21.
[3433] τὴν κατ᾽ αὐτὸν θεοσέβειαν καὶ διδασκαλίαν.
[3434] δημηγορίας: cf. book i. c. 71.
[3435] δημηγορίας: cf. book i. c. 71.
[3436] κατὰ τὴν παροιμίαν καλουμένης ὄνου σκιᾶς μάχης. On this proverb, see Zenobius, Centuria Sexta, adag. 28, and the note of Schottius. Cf. also Suidas, s.v. ὄνου σκιά.—De la Rue.
[3437] σεμνόν.
[3438] διά τινος γοητείας.
[3439] κατὰ τὰ ᾽Ιουδαίων πάτρια.
[3440] τῶν χρηματιζόντων μερίδος Θεοῦ.
[3441] ἆρα γὰρ ὡς ἔτυχε.
[3442] σὺν οὑδεμιᾷ πιθανότητι.
[3443] σὺν οὑδεμιᾷ πιθανότητι.
[3444] Ps. xcvi. 5, δαιμόνια, “idols,” Auth. Vers. We have in this passage, and in many others, the identification of the δαίμονες or gods of the heathen with the δαίμονες or δαιμόνια, “evil spirits,” or angels, supposed to be mentioned in Gen. vi. 2.
[3445] The reading in the text is αὐτομολεῖν, on which Bohereau, with whom the Benedictine editor agrees, remarks that we must either read αὐτομολήσοντας, or understand some such word as ἑτοίμους before αὐτομολεῖν.
[3446] Ps. xcvi. 5, δαιμόνια, “idols,” Auth. Vers. We have in this passage, and in many others, the identification of the δαίμονες or gods of the heathen with the δαίμονες or δαιμόνια, “evil spirits,” or angels, supposed to be mentioned in Gen. vi. 2.
[3447] τὸ μεῖζον αὐτόθεν.
[3448] μέχρι λόγου.
[3449] πῶς οὐχὶ ἐξ εἰκότων κατασκευάζεται.
[3450] καθ᾽ ὑπόθεσιν.
[3451] θεόθεν.
[3452] Τῆς καινοτομίας.
[3453] Προκαταληφθεὶς ὡς ὑπο φίλτρων τῶν Αἰγυπτίων.
[3454] Τὴν σύντροφον φωνήν.
[3455] Cf. Ps. lxxxi. 5.
[3456] Συγγενεῖς εἰσιν αἱ προσηγορίαι.
[3457] Σαφῶς ἐναργές.
[3458] [Gibbon, in the sixteenth chapter of his Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, quotes the first part of this sentence as proving that “the learned Origen declares, in the most express terms, that the number of martyrs was very inconsiderable.” But see Guizot’s note on the passage. S.]
[3459] ᾽Επαύλεις.
[3460] Δοξάριον.
[3461] στάσεις ἰδίας.
[3462] καί τοι οὐ πάντη ἦσαν ὀλίγοι.
[3463] ἴϋγξ.
[3464] The reading in Spencer’s and the Benedictine edition is ὑποτεμνομένας, for which Lommatzsch reads ὑπομεμνημένας.
[3465] καὶ τὸ δοκοῦν.
[3466] ἀπαθέστατα.
[3467] ᾽Εκδοχήν.
[3468] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 12 sqq.
[3469] Cf. 2 Thess. ii. 2.
[3470] Cf. 1 Tim. vi. 20.
[3471] Τινὲς παρεκδοχαί. [He admits the fact, but does not justify such oppositions.]
[3472] πολλὴν ἔχει διολκήν.
[3473] φιλολόγον.
[3474] τό πρέπον.
[3476] θείας ἐνεργείας.
[3477] ἐπιφανείας.
[3478] τὰ τοῦ παλαιοῦ λόγου παρακούσματα συμπλάττοντες, τούτοις προκαταυλοῦμεν καὶ προκατηχοῦμεν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ὥς οἱ τους κορυβαντιζομένους περιβομβοῦντες.
[3479] οὐκ ἄν ἔχοι παραστῆσαι, ὅτι ἡμεῖς μὲν ἐν παρακούσμασι γενόμενοι τῆς ἀληθείας, ὅσοι γε πειρώμεθα μετὰ λόγου πιστεύειν, πρὸς τὰ τοιαῦτα ζῶμεν δόγματα.
[3480] προπυλαίων μεγέθη τε καὶ κάλλη.
[3481] τὸ ἀνάλογον.
[3482] [Clearly coincident with Clement and other early Fathers on this head.]
[3483] φαντασίαν ἐξαποστέλλειν τοῖς ταῦτα μεμαθηκόσιν, ὅτι μὴ μάτην μεμύηνται.
[3484] πεφαντάσθαι.
[3485] αἰνίγματα.
[3486] ὦ γενναῖε.
[3487] διεξοδεύωμεν.
[3489] τηρήσεως.
[3490] σαφήνειαν.
[3491] μεταβάσεις.
[3492] ἀφιλόσοφον χλεύην.
[3493] βωμολόχος.
[3494] The reading in the text is καὶ πρῶτοι, for which Bohereau proposes τὸ πρῶτον, which we have adopted in the translation.
[3495] We have followed in the translation the emendation of Guietus, who proposes εἰ δὲ τὴν φαινομένην αὐτῷ ἀλήθειαν ἐπρέσβευσεν, οὐκ ἄν, κ.τ.λ.,, instead of the textual reading, εἴ τε τῆς φαινομένης αὐτῷ ἀληθείας ἐπρέσβενσεν, οὐκ ἄν, κ.τ.λ.
[3496] τὸν προηγούμενον ἡμῖν περὶ ψυχῆς κατασκευαστέον λόγον.
[3497] Bohereau conjectures, with great probability, that instead of ἀποδεκτέον, we ought to read ἀποδεικτέον.
[3498] Cf. Hom., Odyss., xi. 303 and 304.
[3499] εἰ τὸ ὑγιὲς ἔχουσιν.
[3500] θιασώταις.
[3501] ἀποκληρωτικῶς.
[3502] εἰς δὲ τὰ περὶ τούτου ἀνεξετάστως ὁρμῶν ἀπιστήσαι τοῖς περὶ αὐτοῦ;
[3503] ἀμύθητον.
[3504] ἐκστάσεων.
[3505] μέσον.
[3506] ἀστείους.
[3507] Cf. Smith’s Dict. of Biograph., s.v.
[3508] εὐσεβῆ.
[3509] κόσμιος.
[3510] οἱ μῂ σεμνοί.
[3511] ὅτε διὰ τοῦ Πυθίου στομίου περικαθεζομένῃ τῇ καλουμένῃ προφήτιδι πνεῦμα διὰ τῶν γυναικείων ὑπεισέρχεται τὸ μαντικὸν, ὁ ᾽Απόλλων, τὸ καθαρὸν ἀπὸ γηίνου σώματος. Boherellus conjectures τὸ μαντικὸν τοῦ ᾽Απόλλωνος τὸ καθαρον.
[3512] οὕτω δαιμονίως.
[3513] Herod., book iv. chaps. 14 and 15 (Cary’s transl.).
[3514] τερατείαν.
[3515] Guietus conjectures, καὶ πῶς, ὧ λῷστε.
[3516] τῆς καταβαλλομένης οἰκοδομῆς.
[3517] τοῦ καθ᾽ ἡμᾶς δαίμονος, λαχόντος γέρας λοιβῆς τε κνίσσης τε.
[3518] ὡς οὐ κοινωνήσαντος τῇ ἀνθρωπίνῃ φύσει, οὐδ᾽ ἀναλαβόντος τὴν ἐν ἀνθρώποις σάρκα ἐπιθυμοῦσαν κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος.
[3519] ᾽Αλλὰ γὰρ καὶ τὴν καταβᾶσαν εἰς ἀνθρωπίνην φύσιν καὶ εἰς ἀνθρωπίνας περιστάσεις δύναμιν, καὶ ἀναλαβοῦσαν ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα ἀνθρώπινον, ὲώρων ἐκ τοῦ πιστευεσθαι μετὰ τῶν θειοτέρων συμβαλλομένην εἰς σωτηρίαν τοῖς πιοτεύουσιν.
[3520] μετὰ τοῦ πιστεύειν. Others read, μετὰ το πιστεύειν.
[3521] λιχνείᾳ.
[3522] τοιαῦτα γὰρ τὰ πανταχοῦ πολιτευόμενα ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῶν πόλεων πλήθη.
[3523] φωστῆρες. [Phil. ii. 15. Very noteworthy are the details of this and the following chapter, and their defiant comparisons.]
[3524] ἐκκλησία.
[3525] ἐκκλησία.
[3526] παροικούσας.
[3527] βουλήν.
[3528] βουλευταί.
[3529] εὕροις ἂν τίνες μὲν τῆς ἐκκλησίας βουλευταὶ ἄξιοί εἰσιν, εἴ τίς ἐστιν ἐν τῷ πάντι πόγις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἐν ἐκεινῇ πολιτεύεσθαι. Boherellus conjectures εὕροις ἂν ὅτι τινὲς μὲν, κ.τ.λ.
[3530] τῆς ἐκ κατατάξεως ὑπεροχῆς.
[3531] ὅτι και ἐπὶ τῶν σφόδρα ἀποτυγχανομένων βουλευτῶν καὶ ἀρχόντων ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ, καὶ ῥαθυμότερον παρὰ τοὺς εὐτονωτέρως βιοῦντας, οὐδὲν ἧττόν ἐστιν εὑρεῖν ὡς ἐπίπαν ὑπεροχὴν, τὴν ἐν τῇ ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρετὰς προκοπῆ, παρὰ τὰ ἔθη τῶν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι βουλευτῶν καὶ ἀρχόντων. Boherellus conjectures ῥαθυμοτερων.
[3532] ὥστε ὀϊστῷ βέλει συμφέρεσθαι. Spencer and Bohereau would delete βέλει as a gloss.
[3533] Guietus would insert ἤ before ἵνα τὶ ὠφεληθῇ. This emendation is adopted in the translation.
[3534] Cf. 1 Tim. iii. 16.
[3535] την οἰκονομίαν.
[3536] Cf. John x. 18.
[3537] Cf. Matt. xxvii. 46-50.
[3538] Cf. John ii. 19.
[3540] τῶν ὠφελουμένων.
[3542] Cf. Col. iv. 6.
[3543] πίστεως.
[3545] ἢτοι διαβαλοῦμεν τοῖς αὐτὴν μὴ παραδεξαμένοις, καὶ ἐγκαλέσομεν τῇ ἱστορία ὡς οὐκ ἀληθεὶ, ἤ δαιμόνιόν τι φησομεν παραπλήσιον τοῖς ἐπιδεικνυπένοις γόησιν ἀπατῆ ὀφθαλμῶν πεποιηκέναι καὶ περὶ τὸν ᾽Αστυπαλαιέα. Spencer in his edition includes μὴ in brackets, and renders, “Aut eos incusabimus, qui istam virtutem admiserint.”
[3546] ἃς προσάγομεν αὐτῷ, ὡς διὰ μεταξὺ ὄντος τῆς τοῦ ἀγενήτου και τῆς τῶν γενητῶν πἄντων φύσεως. “Hoeschel (itemque Spencerus ad marg.) suspicabatur legendum: ὡς δὴ μεταξὺ ὄντος. Male. Nihil mutari necesse est. Agitur quippe de precibus, quas offerimus Deo ‘per eum qui veluti medius est inter increatam naturam et creatam.’”—Ruæus.
[3547] ἀδολεσχῆσαι.
[3548] τὰς τουτων ἀποδοχάς.
[3549] ὡς κἄν τὸ τυχὸν ἀκολασίας κἂν ἐπ᾽ ὀλίγον γευσαμένου.
[3550] οὗ ἀρετὰς οἱ μέν τινες κυβευτικώτερον ζῶντες καταψεύδονται.
[3551] ἀκολούθως τῇ ἐν τῷ λέγειν τεραστὶως πιστικῇ δυνάμει.
[3552] ὡς κατὰ νόμους αὐτῶν ἄρχοντος.
[3553] ἀποφοράς.
[3554] προαιρέσεως.
[3555] ἐσωτερικῶν καὶ ἐποπτικῶν.
[3556] ἢ ἥρωας ἐκ μεταβολῆς συστάντας ἀγαθῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ψυχῆς.
[3557] [See vol. ii. p. 185, and the stinging reference of Justin, vol. i. p. 172, this series.]
[3558] περι δὲ τοῦ ᾽Ιησοῦ ἤτοι δόξασα ἂν εἶναι εὐτυχὴς, ἢ καὶ βεβασανισμένως ἐξητασμένη, δοκοῦσα μὲν εὐτυχὴς παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς, βεβασανισμένως δὲ ἐξητασμένη παρὰ πάνυ ὀλιγωτάτοιβ.
[3559] τοσοῦτον ποιεῖ πίστις, ὁποία δὴ προκατασχοῦσα.
[3560] κυβευτικόν.
[3561] ἡ κοινὴ ἔννοια.
[3562] φίλτρον φυσικόν.
[3563] ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑνώσει καὶ ἀνακράσει.
[3564] [“By means of Origen the idea of a proper reasonable soul in Christ received a new dogmatical importance. This point, which up to this time had been altogether untouched with controversy with the Patripassians, was now for the first time expressly brought forward in a synod held against Beryllus of Bostra, a.d. 244, and the doctrine of a reasonable human soul in Christ settled as a doctrine of the Church.”—Neander’s History (ut supra), vol. ii. p. 309, with the references there. See also Waterland’s Works, vol. i. pp. 330, 331. S.]
[3565] διαλεκτικός.
[3566] τόν ἀπὸ τοῦ τάφου.
[3567] οὐκ εἰδότες πῶς καὶ καθό.
[3568] Cf. Callimach., Hymn, i. Cf. also Tit. i. 12.
[3569] τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ θανάτου γεγονέναι περὶ τὸν Δία.
[3570] [The sarcastic raillery of Celsus in regard to the ignorance and low social scale of the early converts to Christianity is in keeping with his whole tone and manner. On the special value of the evidence of early Christian writers, such as Justin Martyr , Clement, Origen, etc., to the truth and power, among men of all classes, of the Gospel of our Lord, see Rawlinson’s Bampton Lectures, The Historical Evidences of the Truth of the Scripture Records, Lect. viii. pp. 207, 420, et seqq. (Amer. ed. 1860). S.]
[3571] ὁ λόγος.
[3572] τὰ ἄδηλα καὶ τὰ κρύφια τῆς σοφίας σου ἐδήλωσάς μοι.
[3573] τὰ κατ᾽ αὐτόν.
[3574] καὶ ἐξ αὑτῆς ἐγένετο.
[3575] Cf. 1 Kings x. 1-9.
[3576] Cf. 1 Kings iv. 29-34. The text reads, περὶ πάντων τῶν βασιλέων τῆς γῆς, for which παρά has been substituted.
[3577] καὶ ἄλλα διὰ προβλημάτων.
[3579] Cf. Ezek. xxviii. 3.
[3580] Cf. Matt. xxiii. 34.
[3581] Cf. 1 Cor. xii. 8.
[3583] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 18, etc.
[3584] τὰ μὲν συναγορεύοντα ὑγῇ καὶ σώμασι.
[3585] τὰ προηγουμένως ὑφεστηκότα.
[3586] Cf. Rom. i. 21.
[3588] Cf. Rom. i. 20-22.
[3589] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 26-28.
[3590] Cf. Tit. i. 9, 10.
[3591] Μονόγαμον. Cf. Can. Apost., c. xvii.: “ὁ δυσὶ γάμοις συμπλακεὶς μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα, ἢ παλλακὴν κτησάμενος, οὐ δύναται εἶναι ἐπίσκοπος, ἢ πρεσβύτερος, ἢ διάκονος, ἢ ὅλως τοῦ καταλόγου τοῦ ἱερατικοῦ.” Cf. note in Benedictine ed.
[3592] [Origen agrees with Tertullian, passim, on this subject. Hippolytus makes Callistus, Bishop of Rome, the first to depart from this principle,—accepting “digamists and trigamists.”]
[3593] Cf. 1 John ii. 2.
[3594] προεπᾴσαντες.
[3595] [1 Cor. iii. 2, 3. S.]
[3596] [See note supra, p. 239. S.]
[3597] νηπίων.
[3599] ἐλεύθερον ἀναλαβόντες φρόνημα.
[3600] Cf. Rom. i. 14.
[3601] Cf. Prov. viii. 5.
[3602] Cf. Prov. ix. 4.
[3603] Cf. Prov. ix. 5, 6.
[3604] διὰ τὰ ἐγκείμενα.
[3605] λοιδορίας μᾶλλον ἢ κατηγορίας.
[3606] The allusion is to the practice of wealthy Greeks and Romans having among their slaves artificers of various kinds, for whose service there was constant demand in the houses and villas of the rich, and who therefore had their residence in or near the dwelling of their master. Many of these artificers seem, from the language of Celsus, to have been converts to Christianity.
[3607] Παράστησον τοὺς διδασκάλους ἄλλους παρὰ τοὺς φιλοσοφίας διδασκάλους, ἢ τοὺς κατά τι τῶν χρησίμων πεποιημένους.
[3608] φωνὴν συνετός.
[3609] [Much is to be gathered from this and the following chapters, of the evangelical character of primitive preaching and discipline.]
[3610] ἁπλῶς.
[3611] εὐδαιμονίαν.
[3612] μακαριότητα.
[3613] Cf. 1 Cor. ii. 6.
[3614] Wisdom of Solomon 1.4.
[3615] Cf. Ps. cxli. 2.
[3616] Cf. 1 Cor. ii. 7.
[3619] Cf. 2 Tim. i. 10.
[3620] τὸ ἡγεμονικόν.
[3621] ἀψευδῆ.
[3622] συκοφαντῶν.
[3623] [The reproaches of the scoffer are very instructive as to the real nature of the primitive dealing with sinners and with sin.]
[3624] ὑπεξαιρομένου τοῦ κατὰ τὸν ᾽Ιησοῦν νοουμένου ἀνθρώπου.
[3626] Cf. Matt. xxiii. 12.
[3628] προς κολακείαν.
[3629] In the text it is put interrogatively: τίς ἄνθρωπος τελέως δίκαιος; ἢ τίς ἀναμάρτητος; The allusion seems to be to Job xv. 14 (Sept.): τίς γὰρ ὢν βροτὸς, ὅτι ἔσται ἄμεμπτος; ἢ ὡς ἐσόμενος δίκαιος γεννητὸς γυναικός;
[3635] και οὐ παρὰ τὸν ὀρθὸν λόγον προσάγοιτο ὑπὸ τοῦ ἐπὶ πᾶσι δικαστοῦ. [See infra, book iv. cap. lxxix, and Elucidations there named.]
[3636] [ἐπιμόνως βεβαμμένοι. S.]
[3637] [ὡσπεγεὶ δευσοποιηθέντες απὸ τῆς κακίας. S.]
[3638] [Let us note this in passing, as balancing some other expressions which could not have been used after the Pelagian controversy.]
[3639] He is said to have been either a Babylonian or Tyrrhenian, and to have lived in the reign of Nero. Cf. Philostratus, iv. 12.—Ruæus.
[3640] καὶ τὸ ἐξακουόμενον ἀπὸ τῆς λέξεως ὡς δυνατὸν ἡμῖν, ἀνετρέψαμεν.
[3641] ἐπὶ τέγους. [“Ut quidam scripserunt,” says Hoffmann.]
[3642] μιαρώτατον ἀνθρώπων.
[3643] ᾽Αλλὰ τὴν μὲν τάξιν καὶ σύνθεσιν καὶ φράσιν τῶν ἀπὸ φιλοσοφίας λόγων.
[3644] The reading in the text is ἄλλως, for which ἄλλους has been conjectured by Ruæus and Boherellus, and which has been adopted in the translation.
[3645] ιδιωτικούς.
[3646] εὐσταθέστατον.
[3647] πιστικὴ ἀπὸ πνεύματος.
[3648] παρὰ τὰς ἀνατροφὰς, καὶ τὰς διαστροφὰς, καὶ τὰς περιηχήσεις.
[3649] φυσιωθῆναι.
[3650] [παρ᾽ ὧ οὐκ ἔστιν. S.]
[3651] Cf. Iliad, ix. 319, 320.
[3652] προαίρεσις καὶ ασκησις.
[3653] τοῦ λογικοῦ ζώου.
[3654] ὥσπερ οὐ δύναται τὸ πεφυκὸς γλυκαίνειν τῷ γλυκυ τυγχάνειν πικράζειν, παρὰ την αὐτοῦ μόνην αἰτίαν.
[3655] ἵνα κοινότερον τῷ ἐλέει χρήσωμαι.
[3656] Cf. Wisdom of Solomon 7.25,26.
[3657] Cf. Deut. xxxii. 21.
[3658] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 27.
[3660] ἀστείους.
[3661] τοὺς μὴ ἐντρεχεῖς.
[3662] The reading in the text is τερατωδεστέρους, of which Ruæus remarks, “Hic nullum habet locum.” Καταδεεστέρους has been conjectured instead, and has been adopted in the translation.
[3663] For εὐσεβεῖς in the text, Boherellus conjectures εὐσεβῶς.
[3664] θεὸν φθαρτὸν εἰσαγόντων, καὶ τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτοῦ λεγόντων σῶμα τρεπτὸν διόλου καὶ ἀλλοιωτὸν καὶ μεταβλητόν.
[3665] The words in the text are, φιλανθρωτότατα ἐπιστρεπτικόν, καὶ ψυχῶν μαθήματα οἰκονομήσαντα, for which we have adopted in the translation the emendation of Boherellus, φιλανθρωπότατα καὶ ψυχῶν ἐπιστρεπτικὰ μαθήματα.
[3666] ἀλλὰ κἂν τοὺς πεπονθότας τὴν περὶ τῆς μετενσωματώσεως ἄνοιαν ἀπὸ ἰατρῶν, τῶν καταβιβαζόντων τὴν λογικὴν φύσιν ὁτε μὲν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀλογον πᾶσαν, ὁτὲ δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ἀφάνταστον.
[3667] Instead of οἱ φρονίμωςΧριστιανοὶ ζῶντες, as in the text, Ruæus and Boherellus conjecture οι φρονίμως Χριστιανιζοντες, etc.
[3668] τους κομιδῇ νηπίους.
[3669] ἀλαζών.
[3670] [See vol. iii. Elucidation I. p. 76, this series; and as against the insanity of the Deutero-Nicene Council (a.d. 787) note this prophetic protest. Condemned at Frankfort (a.d. 794) by Anglicans and Gallicans. See Sir W. Palmer, Treatise on the Church, part iv. 10, sect. 4. The Council of Frankfort is the pivot of history as to the division between East and West, the rise of Gallicanism, and of the Anglican Reformation.]
[3671] ειτε χωρὶς τοῦ δημιουργοῦ θεοῦ εἴτε καὶ μετ᾽ ἐκείνου.
[3672] ἱερομηνίας.
[3673] The reading in the text is κομψοί, which is so opposed to the sense of the passage, that the conjecture of Guietus, ακομψοι, has been adopted in the translation.
[3674] [i.e., Solon. S.]
[3675] [See Gieseler’s Church History, vol. i. p. 212 (also 213), with references there. But see Elucidation IV. p. 77, vol. iii., this series, and Elucidation at close of this book. See also Robertson’s History of the Church, vol. i. p. 156. S.]
[3676] ἁψῖδα.
[3677] Τάχα δὲ καὶ οἱ πεισθέντες περὶ τοῦ θύραθεν νοῦ, ὡς θανάτου καινοῦ διεξαγωγὴν ἕξοντος, etc. Locus certe obscurus, cui lucem afferre conatur Boherellus, legendo divisim ὡς θανάτου καὶ νοῦ διεξαγωγὴν ἕξοντος, ut sensus sit “morti etiam mentem subductum iri.” Nam si θύραθεν ἥκει νοῦς, consequens est ut θανάτου καὶ νοῦς διεξαγωγὴν ἔχῃ. Cf. Aristot, lib. ii. c. 3, de generatione animalium.—Spencer.
[3678] ἢ τῆς τοῦ νοῦ ἀθανασίας.
[3679] Εἰ μὴ ἄρα Κέλσος καὶ οἱ ᾽Ετικούρειοι οὐ φήσουσι κούφην εἶναι ἐλπίδα τὴν περὶ τοῦ τέλους αὐτῶν τῆς ἡδονῆς, ἥτις κατ᾽ αὐτούς ἐστι τὸ ἀγαθὸν, τὸ τῆς σαρκὸς εὐσταθὲς κατάστημα, καὶ τὸ περὶ ταύτης πιστὸν ᾽Επικούρῳ ἔλπισμα.
[3680] τῷ καθ᾽ ἑκάστην φιλοσόφων αἵρεσιν ἐν ῞Ελλησιν ἢ βαρβάροις, ἢ μυστηριώδη ἐπαγγελίαν, τέλει.
[3681] [Note the testimony to divine inspiration.]
[3682] Cf. Jer. i. 9, 10.
[3683] Cf. Gen. xi. 4.
[3684] Cf. 2 Cor. x. 5.
[3685] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 9.
[3686] τοὺς ἀνάλογον αὐτῷ προφητικοὺς λόγους.
[3687] δικαιωτής.
[3688] ἀκολουθίας.
[3689] πιθανότητος.
[3690] Δικαιωτής not Δικαστής.
[3691] τοὺς καρποὺς τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ βασιλείας ἀποδώσουσι τῷ Θεῷ, ἐν τοῖς ἑκάστης πράξεως οὔσης καρποῦ τῆς βασιλείας καιροῖς.
[3692] εὐήθως.
[3693] The word φύσει which is found in the text seems out of place, and has been omitted in the translation, agreeably to the emendation of Boherellus.
[3694] ῏Αρα γὰρ ἤθελε φαντασιουμένοις τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ὑπὸ Θεοῦ, ἀπειληφότος μὲν ἀθρόως τὴν κακίαν, ἐμφύοντος δὲ τὴν ἀρετὴν, τὴν ἐπανόρθωσιν γενέσθαι;
[3695] ποῦ οὖν τὸ ἐφ᾽ ἡμῖν;
[3696] οἱ γὰρ ἐπὶ τὰ βέλτιστα προκαλούμενοι λόγοι, Θεοῦ αὐτοὺς δεδωκότος, εἰσὶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις.
[3697] γενναιότατος.
[3698] Wisdom of Solomon 1.7, καὶ τὸ συνέχον τὰ πάντα γνῶσιν ἔχει φωνῆς.
[3699] Cf. Jer. xxiii. 24.
[3700] Cf. Acts xvii. 28.
[3701] καὶ παρὰ τοῦτ᾽ ἔλαττον ἔχειν δοκῶν.
[3702] καθάπερ οἱ νεόπλουτοι τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπιδεικτιῶντες, πολλήν τινα καὶ πάνυ θνητὴν φιλοτμίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ καταμαρτυροῦσι.
[3703] οἱκείωσιν.
[3704] μετὰ τοσοῦτον αἰῶνα.
[3705] δικαιῶσαι.
[3706] τὸ λογικὸν ζῶον.
[3707] ἐν τῇ παραδοχῇ τῆς θειότητος.
[3708] ἐξαίρετόν τι χρῆμα.
[3709] Deut. xxxii. 8, 9 (according to the LXX.).
[3711] Εἰσὶ γάρ τινες εἱρμοὶ καὶ ἀκολουθίαι ἄφατοι καὶ ἀνεκδιήγητοι περὶ τῆς κατὰ τὰς ἀνθρωπίνας ψυχὰς διαφόρου οἰκονομίας.
[3712] αὐτὸς ἔφα.
[3713] [The word “reliable” is used here. I cannot let it stand, and have supplied an English word instead].
[3714] συνθιασῶται.
[3715] τῷ παντί.
[3716] οὐκ ἀχρήστους. On Origen’s views respecting rewards and punishments, cf. Huet’s Origeniana, book ii. question xi.
[3717] οὐκ ἐπέστη.
[3718] δίκην βασανιστοῦ πῦρ φέρων.
[3719] [Note this testimony to the authorship of Koheleth, and that it is Scripture.]
[3720] Cf. Eccles. i. 9.
[3721] εἰ χρν ἐπιστήσαντα τοῖς χρόνοις εἰπεῖν.
[3722] ἀνέτλασαν κατὰ περιόδους ταυτότητας, καὶ ἀπαραλλάκτους τοῖς ἰδίοις ποιοῖς καὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν αὐτοῖς.
[3723] κακίαν ἐτὶ πλεῖον χεομένην.
[3724] Cf. Jer. xxiii. 24.
[3725] συγκαταβαίνειν.
[3726] [On this figure (anthropopathy) see vol. ii. p. 363, this series.]
[3727] γεῦσαι.
[3728] Cf. Deut. iv. 24; ix. 3.
[3729] Cf. Dan. vii. 10.
[3730] Cf. Mal. iii. 2.
[3731] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 12.
[3732] σωματικῶς.
[3733] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 13-15.
[3734] τὴν τοῦ χρυσοῦ (ἵν᾽ οὕτως ὀνομάσω), φύσιν τῆς ψυχῆς, ἢ τὴν ἀργύρου, δολωσάντων.
[3735] [See note supra, cap. x. S.]
[3736] ῾Ο Θεὸς ἀγαθός ἐστι, καὶ καλὸς, καὶ εὐδαίμων, καὶ ἐν τῷ καλλίστῳ καὶ ἀρίστῳ.
[3737] κατάβασιν.
[3738] τῆ προνοίᾳ καὶ τῇ οἰκονομίᾳ.
[3741] ἡγεμονικόν.
[3742] The reading in the text is, ἐπὶ μέρους γίνεται αὐτῆς, which is thus corrected by Guietus: ἐπιμερὴς γίνεται αὐτὸς.
[3743] Cf. Phil. ii. 6, 7.
[3744] Cf. 1 Pet. ii. 22.
[3745] Cf. 2 Cor. v. 21.
[3746] [Gieseler cites this chapter (and cap. xix. infra) to show that Origen taught that the Logos did not assume a human body. Could words be stronger to the contrary? “He becomes, as it were, flesh,” is used below to guard against transmutation.]
[3747] προηγουμένην.
[3748] ἄτιμον.
[3749] ἐκλεῖπον.
[3750] [The transfiguration did not conflict with his mortal nature, nor the incarnation with his immortality.]
[3751] τί ἀκολουθεῖ.
[3752] [Such are the accommodations reflected upon by Gieseler. See Book III. cap. lxxix., supra.]
[3753] τί ἄτοπον.
[3755] ὅμως δ᾽ ἀπολογησόμεθα, ὅτι οὐ φῂς, ὦ Κέλσε, ὧς ἐν φαρμάκου μοίρα ποτὲ δίδοται χρῆσθαι τῷ πλανᾷν καὶ τῷ ψεύδεσθαι;
[3756] προηγουμένως, ἀλλ᾽ ἐκ περιστάσεως.
[3757] Cf. Plato in the Timæus, and book iii., de Legibus.
[3758] σαφής.
[3759] ᾽Επὰν τὸ προκείμενον ᾖ παραστῆσαι καὶ τὰ τῆς κατὰ τὸν τόπον ἱσνορίας τίνα ἔχοι λόγον, καὶ τὰ τῆς περὶ αὐτοῦ ἀναγωγῆς.
[3760] Otus and Ephialtes. Cf. Smith’s Dict. of Myth. and Biog., s.v.
[3761] Cf. Hom., Odyss., xi. 305.
[3762] [Demonstrated by Justin, vol. i. pp. 277, 278, this series.]
[3763] ἁγιστείας.
[3764] ἐπεσκοπήθησαν.
[3765] Θεῖόν τι καὶ ἱερὸν χρῆμα γεγονέναι τὸν ᾽Ιησοῦν.
[3766] οὐδ᾽ ἀποκατασταθήσονται. [A very bold and confident assertion this must have seemed sixteen hundred years ago.]
[3767] καὶ ἁρμόζοντας τῇ πανταχοῦ καθεστώσῃ πολιτείᾳ.
[3768] ὑπὸ οἰκείων καὶ ὁμοήθων.
[3769] τὴν οὐράνιον φοράν.
[3770] ἐμπολιτεύεται.
[3771] ἐξευτελίζοντες.
[3772] εὐτελέσι.
[3773] οὐκ ἐν σώματι κρίνεται.
[3774] γύπες: γρύπες?
[3775] καὶ κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀρετὴν πεποίωται.
[3776] The allusion may possibly be to his flight from the field of Chæronea, or to his avarice, or to the alleged impurity of his life, which is referred to by Plutarch in his Lives of the Ten Orators.—Spencer.
[3777] ἀφορμὰς ἔχον πρὸς ἀρετήν.
[3778] ὑποτυπώσεις.
[3779] τὰ αὐτόθεν πᾶσι προφαινόμενα δόγματα Χριστιανῶν καὶ ᾽Ιουδαίων.
[3780] φαντασίᾳ δ᾽ εὐσεβείας.
[3781] ἢ καὶ τὰ δημιουργἠματα.
[3782] λίθων καὶ ξύλων.
[3783] διαρκεῖν.
[3784] ὑπὸ λογικῶν πιθανοτήτων.
[3785] την οὐράνιον φοράν.
[3786] βδελύσσεται.
[3787] Cf. Wisdom of Solomon 11.26; 12.1,2.
[3789] Ecclesiasticus 18.13.
[3790] Cf. Matt. v. 45.
[3791] Cf. 1 Tim. iv. 10.
[3792] Cf. 1 John ii. 2.
[3795] τιμιώτερα.
[3796] Cf. Ps. lxxxii. 1.
[3797] δαιμόνια. Cf. Ps. xcvi. 5.
[3798] Cf. Ps. lxxxii. 1.
[3800] Cf. Matt. xxii. 30.
[3801] Cf. Luke xx. 36.
[3802] Cf. 1 John iii. 2.
[3803] καὶ τοῦτό γ᾽ ἂν ἑρμηνεύοιμι, τὸ “ἡμεῖς” λέγων ἀντὶ τοῦ οἱ λογικοὶ, καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον, οἱ σπουδαῖοι λογικοί.
[3804] ὥστε καὶ ἡ αὐτὴ ἀνθρώπου καὶ Θεοῦ. Cf. Cicero, de Leg., i.: “Jam vero virtus eadem in homine ac deo est, neque ullo alio in genio præterea. Est autem virtus nihil aliud, quam in se perfecta, et ad summum perducta natura. Est igitur homini cum Deo similitudo.” Cf. also Clemens Alex., Strom., vii. c. 14: Οὐ γὰρ, καθάπερ οἱ Στωϊκοὶ, ἁθέως, πάνυ τὴν αὐτὴν ἀρετὴν ἀνθρώπου λέγομεν καὶ Θεοῦ. [See vol. ii. p. 549. S.] Cf. Theodoret, Serm., xi.—Spencer.
[3805] Cf. Matt. v. 48.
[3806] Cf. Gen. i. 26.
[3807] Cf. Gen. i. 27.
[3808] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 41, 42.
[3809] Cf. Dan. xii. 3.
[3810] Cf. Matt. xx. 27.
[3811] Cf. Eurip., Phœniss., 546, 547.
[3812] βωμολόχος.
[3813] καὶ ἀμείβουσι σώματα.
[3814] Cf. 1 Cor. ii. 11.
[3815] Cf. Rom. i. 19.
[3817] οὔτ᾽ ἐν λόγῳ οὔτ᾽ ἐν ἀριθμῷ αὐτούς ποτε γεγενημένους.
[3818] ἐπολιτεύετο.
[3819] [See note on Book III. cap. lxxvi. supra, and to vol. iii. p. 76, this series.]
[3820] Cf. Deut. iv. 16-18.
[3821] Cf. Deut. iv. 19.
[3822] πολιτεία.
[3823] οὐδὲ φαίνεσθαι θηλυδρίαν οἷόν τ᾽ ἦν.
[3824] οἵ τινες διὰ τὸ καθαρὸν ἦθος, καὶ τὸ ὑπὲρ ἄνθρωπον.
[3825] θείᾳ μοίρᾳ.
[3826] καίτοιγε πάντα κάλων κινήσαντες.
[3827] ἀπὸ πρώτης σπορᾶς γοήτων καὶ πλάνων ἀνθρώπων.
[3828] παρεξηούμενοι.
[3829] [This formula he regards as an adumbration of the Triad (see our vol. ii. p. 101): thus, “the God of Abraham” = Fatherhood; “of Isaac” = Sonship; “of Jacob” = Wisdom, and the Founder of the New Israel.]
[3830] εἴτε καὶ αὐτόθεν σεμνύνουσαν ἐν ἀποῤῥήτοις τοὺς ἄνδρας, εἴτε καὶ δι᾽ ὑπονοιῶν αἰνισσμένην τινὰ μεγάλα καὶ θαυμάσια τοῖς θεωρῆσαι αὐτὰ δυναμένοις;
[3831] μυστικῆς ἀναγραφῆς.
[3832] ἐροῦμέν τε· ὅτι μήποτε τὸ καὶ ὑφ᾽ ὑμῶν παραλαμβάνεσθαι τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν τριῶν τούτων γεναρχῶν τοῦ ἔθνους, τῇ ἐναργείᾳ καταλαμβανόντων, οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητα ἀνύεσθαι ἐκ τῆς κατεπικλήσεως αὐτῶν, παρίστησι τὸ θεῖον τῶν ἀνδρῶν. Guietus would expunge the words τῇ ἐναργείᾳ καταλαμβανόντων.
[3833] [See p. 511, supra, on the formula of benediction and exorcism, and compare Num. vi. 24.]
[3834] κατὰ δὲ Κέλσον, οὐ παριστάντα. Libri editi ad oram ὡς παριστάντα.
[3835] γενναίως.
[3836] παρεξηγούμενοι.
[3837] παρέῤῥιψε.
[3838] συγκύψαντες.
[3839] ἀμουσότατα.
[3840] Cf. Plato, de Repub., book ii. etc.
[3841] ἐπὶ τῆς πλάσεως.
[3842] Cf. Job x. 8 and Ps. cxix. 73.
[3843] σχῆμα.
[3844] κακοήθειαν.
[3845] πλάσεως.
[3846] Gen. ii. 7; Heb. ויפָאַפְ, LXX. πρόσωπον.
[3847] ἐμφυσώμενον.
[3848] Wisdom of Solomon 12.1.
[3849] Cf. Gen. ii. 21, 22.
[3850] ἀντὶ τοῦ πυρός.
[3851] χωρὶς παντὸς λόγου καί τινος ἐπικρύψεως.
[3852] μοχθίζειν.
[3853] Hesiod, Works and Days, i. 73–114 (Elton’s translation [in substance. S.]).
[3854] Hesiod, Works and Days, i.125–134 (Elton’s translation [in substance. S.]).
[3855] “μῦθόν τινα” παραπλήσιον τοῖς παραδιδομένοις ταῖς γραυσίν.
[3856] παράδεισος.
[3857] Penia, poverty; Porus, abundance.
[3858] διὰ τὴν αὑτῆς ἀπορίαν.
[3859] ἐν τοῖς ἐκείνης γενεθλίοις.
[3860] ἐν τοιαῦτῃ τύχῃ καθέστηκε.
[3861] σκληρὸς καὶ αὐχμηρός.
[3862] ἐνδείᾳ.
[3863] σύντονος.
[3864] δεινός.
[3865] καὶ φρονήσεως ἐπιθυμητὴς καὶ πόριμος.
[3866] δεινὸς γόης.
[3867] [Plato, Symposion, xxiii. p. 203. S.]
[3868] Boherellus, quem Ruæus sequitur, in notis; “Ante voces: τίνα τρόπον, videtur deesse: θαυμάσονται, aut quid simile.”—Lommatzsch.
[3869] τὸ λεγόμενον.
[3870] εὐκαταφρονήτων.
[3871] φυσιολογεῖ Μωϋσῆς τὰ περὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου φύσεως.
[3872] Cf. 1 Cor. 15.22; Rom. 5.14.
[3873] οὐκ ἔστι καθ᾽ ἧς οὐ λέγεται.
[3874] πτεροῤῥυούσης. This is a correction for πτεροφυούσης, the textual reading in the Benedictine and Spencer’s edd.
[3875] ἀλλόκοτον.
[3876] κορώνη.
[3877] παραχαράττοντες καὶ ῥᾳδιουργοῦντες.
[3878] τῷ δυνάμει λέγεσθαι τὰ μέτρα.
[3879] [This question, which is little short of astounding, illustrates the marvellous reach and play of Origen’s fancy at times. See note supra, p. 262. S.]
[3880] παραχαράττοντες καὶ ῥᾳδιουργοῦντες.
[3881] Cf. Matt. xxi. 43.
[3882] ἔξωρον.
[3883] Cf. Gen. iv. 8.
[3884] Cf. Gen. xxvii. 41.
[3885] ἄγχιστα δὲ τούτοις πᾶσι συμπολιτεύομενον.
[3886] θειότητα.
[3887] ἐῤῥωμένως.
[3888] Cf. Gen. xxx. 42 (LXX.). “The feebler were Laban’s, and the stronger Jacob’s” (Auth. Vers.).
[3889] Cf. Gen. xxx. 43.
[3890] Cf. 1 Cor. x. 11.
[3891] παρ᾽ οἷς τὰ ποικίλα ἤθη ἐπίσημα γενόμενα, τῷ λογῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ πολιτεύεται, δοθέντα κτῆσις τῷ τροπικῶς καλουμένῳ ᾽Ιακώβ: ἐπίσημα is the term employed to denote the “spotted” cattle of Laban, and is here used by Origen in its figurative sense of “distinguished,” thus playing on the double meaning of the word.
[3892] φρέατα.
[3893] λάκκους.
[3894] τὴν ἐνυπάρχουσαν γῆν καὶ ἀρχὴν τῶν ποτίμων ἀγαθῶν. Boherellus proposes: τὴν ἐνυπάρχουσαν πηγὴν καὶ ἀρχὴν τῶν ποτίμων ὑδάτων.
[3895] Cf. Prov. v. 15-17.
[3896] Cf. Gen. xxvi. 15.
[3897] νυμφας.
[3898] Cf. Gal. iv. 21-24.
[3899] τὰ ἀπεμφαίνοντα.
[3901] οἱ ἐπιτυγχάνοντές γε αὐτῶν.
[3902] οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητος αὐτοῖς.
[3903] ζώπυρον.
[3904] βουλήματι.
[3905] ἔχει δέ τινα καὶ καθ᾽ αὑτὸ άπολογίαν. [Our Edinburgh translator gives a misleading rendering here. Origen throughout this part of his argument is reasoning ad hominem, and has shown that Greek philosophy sustains this idea.]
[3906] Cf. Homer, Iliad, vi. 160.
[3907] ὁσίας ἕνεκεν.
[3908] κατὰ τὴν πρώτην ἐκδοχήν.
[3909] τοὺς σπερματικοὺς λόγους.
[3910] κατὰ τὸν προηούμενον νοῦν.
[3911] Cf. 1 Cor. ix. 9-10 and Deut. xxv. 4.
[3912] Cf. Eph. 5.31-32; Gen. 2.24.
[3913] Cf. 1 Cor. x. 1, 2.
[3914] Cf. 1 Cor. x. 3, 4.
[3915] προβλήματα καὶ παραβολαί.
[3916] Cf. Ps. lxxviii. 1-3.
[3917] Cf. Ps. cxix. 18.
[3918] ἐπὰν ἐπακούσῃ τοῦ παρ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ πάντα ποιήσαντος.
[3919] Cf. Ezek. xxix. 3.
[3920] Cf. Ezek. xxxii. 5, 6.
[3921] Cf. Ezek. xxix. 3.
[3922] Cf. Hos. xiv. 9.
[3923] Cf. 2 Tim. iii. 8. [Note this testimony concerning Numenius.]
[3924] τὸ εὐτελέστερον.
[3925] ψυχή.
[3926] ὕλη.
[3927] The reading in the text of Spencer and of the Benedictine ed. is καταλειφθεῖσαν, for which Lommatzsch has adopted the conjecture of Boherellus, καταληφθεῖσαν.
[3928] ὠφελείας.
[3929] ὑπ᾽ ἐνυπαρχούσης ἀφαντάστου φύσεως διοικουμένων.
[3930] πρὸς χρείαν οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητον.
[3931] ὅπως ποτὲ ἄλλως ὄντων.
[3932] τίνι ἢ τίσιν.
[3933] αἰσθητοῦ θεοῦ.
[3934] Cf. Plato in Timæo.
[3935] ἄϋλον.
[3936] πέμπτης παρὰ τὰ τέσσαρα στοιχεῖα εἷναι φύσεως.
[3937] Cf. Ps. cii. 26, 27.
[3938] αἰθερίου.
[3939] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 41, etc.
[3940] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 44.
[3941] ὁδοί.
[3942] καινῆς διαδεξαμένης ὁδοῦ καὶ ἀλλοίας, etc. For διαδεξαμένης, Boherellus would read διαδεξομένης. Cf. Origen, de Princip., iii. c. 5; ii. c. 3. [See also Neander’s Church History, vol. 1. p. 328, and his remarks on “the general ἀποκατάστασις” of Origen. S.]
[3943] συντέλεια.
[3944] Cf. Pliny, x. c. 66: “Anguem ex medullâ hominis spinæ gigni accepimus a multis.” Cf. also Ovid, Metamorphos., xv. fab. iv.
[3945] σωμάτων.
[3946] τῶν διαφερότων.
[3947] καὶ μία εἰς ἀμοιβὴν παλίντροπον ἰοῦσα καὶ ἐπανιοῦσα.
[3948] σῶμα.
[3949] οὕτω δὲ καὶ τὸ ἀπολλύμενον εἰς μεταβολὴν διαμένει.
[3950] διελέγχεται οὐκ ἐπιδεχόμενα τὸ γενναῖον καὶ ἀναντίῤῥητον.
[3951] ὁ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐκπεριλαμβάνων.
[3952] [Cf. Plato, Theætetus, xxv. p. 176. S.]
[3953] ἀόριστον.
[3954] καὶ τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ.
[3955] τοσοῖσδε τυγχάνουσιν.
[3956] ᾽Αμφίβολοι.
[3957] ᾽Αγορανόμοι.
[3958] ἁῤῥητοποιους οὐκ ἴσασι.
[3959] οὗ πάντως καὶ ἡ τῶν κακῶν γένεσις ἀεὶ ἡ αὐτή.
[3960] οὐκ ἀεὶ τὰ αὐτά ἐστι περὶ τὸ ἡγεμονικὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰς πράξεις.
[3961] θεωρίαις.
[3962] τῶν ὅλων.
[3963] τὰ ἐν ὁλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ.
[3964] περίοδος.
[3965] κατὰ τὰς τεταγμένας ἀνακυκλήσεις.
[3966] μὴ ἐγνωκὼς κακὸν εἶναι τὸ νομίζειν εὐσέβειαν σώζεσθαι ἐν τοῖς καθεστηκόσι κατὰ τὰς κοινότερον νοουμένας πολιτείας νόμοις.
[3967] τὸ ἡγεμονικόν.
[3968] Cf. Lam. iii. 38. [In the Authorized Version and in the Vulgate the passage is interrogative. S.]
[3969] ἥτις ἐστὶ τὸ κακόν.
[3970] τὸ ἐφ᾽ ἡμῖν ἀνῄρηται.
[3971] τοῦ παντός.
[3972] ἀπαραλλάκτους.
[3973] τὰ ὁρώμενα.
[3974] οὔτε τῷ Θεῷ καινοτέρας δεῖ διορθώσεως.
[3975] ὅτι καὶ πάντη τεταγμένως αὐτὴν ἀφανίζων συμφερόντως τῷ παντί.
[3976] [See note supra, p. 524. S.]
[3977] τὰ σφάλματα ἀναλαμβάνειν.
[3978] ἔχει τὶ εὐλαβές.
[3979] καὶ ὡς ψεκτὸς κατατέτακται εἰς χρείαν ἀπευκταίαν μὲν ἑκάστῳ, χρήσιμον δὲ τῷ παντί.
[3980] ἐν ἀπευκταίῳ πράματι.
[3981] Cf. 2 Tim. ii. 20, 21.
[3982] [See note, p. 502, supra.]
[3983] οὐ τοῦ ἑαυτῶν ἐν τῷ λέγειν στοχαζόμεθα δυνατοῦ.
[3984] Cf. Deut. i. 31. Origen appears to have read, not ἐτροφόρησεν, the common reading (Heb. אשָֹנָ), but ἐτροποφόρησεν, the reading of the Codex Alex.
[3986] Cf. Jer. x. 24.
[3987] Cf. Eph. ii. 3.
[3988] Cf. Ps. xxxvii. 8.
[3989] Cf. Col. iii. 8.
[3991] Cf. Ps. lxxviii. 65.
[3992] καὶ λόγον μὲν ἔχει τὰ λογικὰ, ἅπερ ἐστὶ προηγούμενα, παίδων γεννωμένων· τὰ δ᾽ ἄλογα καὶ τὰ ἄψυχα χωρίου συγκτιζομένου τᾷ παιδίῳ.
[3993] ἀγορανόμοι.
[3994] συντυχία τις ἀτόμων.
[3995] οὐδεὶς λόγος τεχνικὸς ὑπέστησεν αὐτά.
[3996] ἑστίαν.
[3997] Cf. Ps. civ. 14, 15.
[3998] Cf. Ecclesiasticus 39.21,16,17.
[3999] μόλις καὶ ἐπιπόνως.
[4000] ἐπιδεῆ.
[4001] διὰ ναυτικῆς καὶ κυβερνητικῆς.
[4002] ἀφορμήν.
[4003] Cf. Eurip., Phœniss., 546.
[4004] τὰ ἐν οὐρανῷ.
[4005] ὁ κατά τινας Σκηνικὸς φιλόσοφος. Euripides himself is the person alluded to. He is called by Athenæus and Clemens Alexandrinus (Strom., v. vol. ii. p. 461), ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς σκηνῆς φιλόσοφος.—De La Rue.
[4006] συνεκδοχικῶς.
[4007] ἑαυτῷ ἀνθυποφέρει.
[4008] ζώπυρα.
[4009] Cf. Hesiod, Fragmenta Incerta, ed. Goettling, p. 231.
[4010] [Cf. Wordsworth, Excursion: “He sat and talked,” etc., book iv., circa med.]
[4011] οὐ γὰρ ἀθεεί.
[4012] ἡγεμονίαις.
[4013] τῶν ἡττημένων αἱρέσεις. “Nota αἱρέσεις hoc loco sumi pro internecionibus, cædibus. Haud scio an alibi reperiatur pari significatu. Forte etiam scribendum καθαιρέσεις.”—Ruæus.
[4014] παραβάλῃ τῷ λόγῳ πρὸς τοὺς μύρμηκας. “Verba: τᾷ λόγῳ πρὸς τοὺς μύρμηκας addititia videntur et recidenda.”—Ruæus.
[4015] ἐπαΐων.
[4016] τὸ κοινωνικόν.
[4017] ἐντρέχειαν.
[4018] οὐκοῦν καὶ λόγου συμπλήρωσίς ἐστι παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς, καὶ κοιναὶ ἔννοιαι καθολικῶν τινων, καὶ φωνὴ, καὶ τυγχάνοντα σημαινόμενα.
[4019] ἀσχημοσύνην.
[4020] οὐ κατανοεῖ δὲ τὸ λογικὸν ἡγεμονικὸν καὶ λογισμῷ κινούμενον;
[4021] μετά τινος φυσικῆς ὑποκατασκευῆς;
[4022] ἀρχήν.
[4023] τὴν ἀλογίαν.
[4024] λόγος.
[4025] φυσικήν τινα κατάληψιν.
[4026] τῷ μαράθρῳ.
[4027] ἀλλ᾽ ἐκ κατασκευῆς.
[4028] [The ἀετίτης. See Pliny, N. H., x. 4.]
[4029] αποτεταγμένως.
[4030] ὑπὸ τοῦ Λόγου γεγενημένη.
[4031] χοιρογρύλλιοι. Heb. סינִּפַשְׁ.
[4032] ἀσκαλαβώτης.
[4033] Cf. Prov. xxx. 24-28.
[4034] αὐτόθεν.
[4036] ιδιωτικά.
[4037] θεῶν μαντικῶν.
[4038] τὴν ἀχάριστον ψευδοδοξίαν.
[4040] εἴπερ οἰωνοὶ οἰωνοῖς μάχονται. For μάχονται Ruæus conjectures διαλέγονται, which is adopted by Lommatzsch.
[4041] Homer, Iliad, ii. 308 sq. (Pope’s translation).
[4042] Homer, Iliad, xii. 200 sq. (Pope’s translation).
[4043] κατὰ δέ τι σημεῖον.
[4044] ἱέραξ.
[4045] κίρκος, “the hen-harrier,” “Falco,” or “Circus pygargus.” Cf. Liddell and Scott, s.v.
[4046] Cf. Homer, Odyss., xv. 526.
[4047] καὶ οὐ κακίαν μὲν, οἱονεὶ δὲ κακίαν οὖσαν.
[4048] ἐν μέσοις.
[4049] κληδόνες.
[4050] Cf. Homer, Odyss., iv. 685; cf. also xx. 116, 119.
[4051] Cf. Homer, Odyss., xx. 120.
[4052] Cf. Homer, Odyss., xvii. 541.
[4053] Cf. Homer, Odyss., xvii. 545.
[4054] οὔτε τοῖς τυχοῦσι τῶν ἀνθρώπων.
[4055] Cf. Lev. xix. 26. The Septuagint here differs from the Masoretic text.
[4056] Cf. Deut. 18.14,12.
[4057] Cf. Deut. xviii. 15.
[4058] Cf. Num. xxiii. 23.
[4060] Cf. Rom. viii. 14.
[4061] ἐπισημασίας.
[4062] τροπάς.
[4063] Cf. Ex. xxiv. 2.
[4064] ἀπεμφαῖνον.
[4065] ἀντιπελαργοῦντος.
[4066] [See vol. i. pp. viii., 12, this series. Observe, Origen, in Egypt, doubts the story.]
[4067] ἀλλ᾽ εἰ μὴ πᾶν ἔργον. “Gelenius does not recognise these words, and Guietus regards them as superfluous.” They are omitted in the translation.
[4068] Our vol. i. p. 191.
[4069] Our vol. ii. p. 437.
[4070] Ed. Philadelphia, 1836.
[4071] See this treatise, Book VIII. cap. xlviii., infra.
[4072] What is of Faith as to Everlasting Punishment? in reply to Dr. Farrar’s Challenge, 1879. By the Rev. E. B. Pusey, D.D., Oxford, 1881.
[4073] Theodicy, pp. 295–311 (answer to Foster), p. 81 (to Lord Kames), p. 310 (to Tillotson). I must confess that Bledsoe is paulo iniquior when he gives no reference to Tillotson’s language. If the retort is based on the sermon (xxxv. vol. iii. p. 350, ed. folio, 1720) on the “Eternity of Torment,” however, I do not think it just. The latitudinarian primate restricts himself therein to a very guarded statement of that reserved right by which any governor commutes or remits punishment, though he cannot modify a promise of reward. I wish modern apologists for the divine sovereignty had not gone farther.
[4074] Cf. Prov. x. 19.
[4075] Cf. 2 Tim. ii. 15.
[4076] Cf. 2 Cor. x. 5.
[4077] Cf. Ps. lxviii. 11.
[4078] τοῖς ἐκεῖ θεοῖς.
[4079] ἁψῖδα.
[4080] κατέρχεσθαι.
[4081] Cf. Heb. i. 14.
[4082] ἐν τοῖς καθαρωτάτοις τοῦ κόσμου χωρίοις ἐπουρανίοις, ἢ καὶ τοῖς τούτων καθαρωτέροις ὐπερουρανίοις.
[4083] Cf. Ps. lxxxvi. 8; xcvi. 4; cxxxvi. 2.
[4084] ἐὰν δυνώμεθα κατακούειν τῆς περὶ προσευχῆς κυριολεξίας καὶ καταχρήσεως.
[4085] [Comp. Col. iii. 18 and cap. viii., infra.]
[4086] ἢ τοὺς μὲν ἐν σκότῳ που ἐκ γοητείας οὐκ ὀρθῆς τυφλώττουσιν, ἢ δι᾽ ἀμυδρῶν φασμάτων ὀνειρώττουσιν ἐγχρίμπτειν λεγομένους, εὖ μάλα θρησκεύειν.
[4087] Cf. Ex. xx. 3, 4, 5.
[4088] Cf. Deut. iv. 19.
[4089] τὸ ὅλον ὁ κόσμος.
[4090] Cf. Jer. vii. 17, 18.
[4091] Cf. Acts vii. 42, 43.
[4092] Cf. Col. ii. 18, 19.
[4093] ἐγγαστριμύθοις.
[4094] ἐπαοιδοῖς.
[4095] Cf. Lev. xix. 31.
[4096] The emendations of Ruæus have been adopted in the translation, the text being probably corrupt. Cf. Ruæus, in loc.
[4097] Cf. Deut. iv. 19, 20.
[4098] Cf. 1 Pet. ii. 9.
[4099] Cf. Gen. xv. 5.
[4100] Cf. Deut. i. 10.
[4101] χώματι.
[4102] ἀπὸ τῶν δικαίων τῶν πολλῶν.
[4103] Cf. Dan. xii. 1, 2, 3.
[4104] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 40-42.
[4105] μεγαλοφυῶς.
[4107] Cf. Matt. v. 16.
[4108] Cf. Origen, de Principiis, i. c. vii.
[4109] ἐκ τοῦ ἐν αὐτοῖς αὐτεξουσίου ἐληλυθός.
[4110] Cf. 1 John i. 5.
[4111] μύδρον διάπυρον.
[4112] τὴν εὐκτικὴν δύναμιν.
[4113] [See note in Migne’s edition of Origen’s Works, vol. i. p. 1195; also note supra, p. 262. S.]
[4114] Cf. Matt. 19.17; Mark 10.18.
[4115] Matt. 19.17; Mark 10.18.
[4116] Cf. Deut. vi. 13.
[4117] Cf. Ps. cvii. 20.
[4118] προνοητικῶς.
[4120] Cf. John i. 26, 27.
[4121] Cf. Jer. xxiii. 24.
[4122] Cf. Jer. xxiii. 23.
[4123] ζητεῖν εὔχεσθαι τῷ μὴ φθάνοντι ἐπὶ τὰ σύμπαντα.
[4124] Cf. Rom. viii. 19-21.
[4125] Cf. Ps. cxlviii. 3, 4.
[4126] Cf. Rom. viii. 19-21.
[4127] ὥσπερ μάγειρος.
[4128] οὐ γὰρ τῆς πλημμελοῦς ὀρέξεως, οὐδὲ τῆς πεπλανημένης ἀκοσμίας, ἀλλὰ τῆς ὀρθῆς καὶ δικαίας φύσεως Θεός ἐστιν ἀρχηγέτης.
[4129] ὕλην.
[4130] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 12.
[4131] Cf. Mal. iii. 2.
[4132] Cf. Ezek. xxii. 18, 20.
[4133] πόνου καὶ πυρός.
[4134] Cf. Isa. xlvii. 14, 15.
[4135] τὰ σκυθρωπά.
[4136] Cf. Isa. xlviii. 9 (Septuagint).
[4137] [See Robertson’s History of the Church, vol. i. p. 156, 157. S.]
[4138] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 21.
[4139] τὰ κατὰ τοὺς τόπους.
[4140] Cf. John v. 39.
[4141] καὶ τῶν πολλῶν κακῶν ἀποχήν.
[4142] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 51, 52.
[4143] Cf. 1 Thess. iv. 15, 16.
[4144] Cf. 1 Thess. iv. 16, 17.
[4145] περὶ τοῦ προβλήματος τούτου.
[4146] Cf. Eph. iv. 14.
[4147] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 35-38.
[4148] ἐν ἐλαίας πυρῆνι.
[4149] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 42-44.
[4150] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 48, 49.
[4151] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 50.
[4152] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 51.
[4153] Cf. Tobit xii. 7.
[4154] διὰ τὰς τοπικὰς μεταβάσεις.
[4155] Cf. Ps. xxxvii. 30.
[4156] σφόδρ᾽ ἀπεμφαίνοντα.
[4157] μυχθίζειν.
[4158] [Comp. book iv. capp. lxv.–lxix. pp. 526–528, supra.]
[4159] κατὰ τὸ ἐνδεχόμενον.
[4160] καὶ τὴν τοῦ ἐφ᾽ ἡμῖν φύσιν γιγνώσκοντες ἐνδεχομένου ἃ ἐνδέχεται.
[4161] βούλημα.
[4162] Cf. Matt. 24.35; Mark 13.31.
[4163] λόγος.
[4164] διαλεκτικαῖς ἀνάγκαις.
[4165] εἰ δὲ χρὴ βεβιασμένως ὀνομάσαι.
[4166] βδελυρόν.
[4168] [See note infra, bk. vi. cap. xlvii. S.]
[4169] καὶ κατὰ τὸ ἐπιχώριον νόμους θέμενοι.
[4170] τὰ μέρη τῆς γῆς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἄλλα ἄλλοις ἐπόπταις νενεμημένα.
[4171] καὶ κατά τινας ἐπικρατείας διειλημμένα.
[4172] παραλύειν.
[4173] καταθοινᾶται.
[4174] σωφροσύνη.
[4175] ἐφάπτεται.
[4176] οἰκειοτέρους.
[4177] Cf. Deut. xxxii. 8, 9 (LXX.).
[4178] Cf. Gen. xi. 1, 2.
[4179] σύγχυσις.
[4180] Cf. Gen. xi. 5-9.
[4181] Cf. Wisdom of Solomon 10.5.
[4182] Cf. Tobit xii. 7.
[4183] Cf. Wisdom of Solomon 1.4.
[4184] ἐς ὅσον εἰσὶ τὰ τοῦ φωτὸς καὶ τοῦ ἀπὸ φωτὸς ἀϊδίου ἀπαυγάσματος φρονοῦντες.
[4185] ἀλλότρια ἀνατολῶν φρονοῦντες.
[4186] τὰ τῆς ὕλης.
[4187] πολιτείᾳ.
[4188] καὶ τίσαντας δίκην.
[4189] ὡσπερεὶ παιδευθέντας.
[4190] ἀπὸ τῆς πάντων μερίδος.
[4191] Cf. Rom. i. 24, 26, 28.
[4192] ἀλλὰ καὶ βουλόμεθα, οὐχ ὅπη ᾖ ἐκείνοις φίλον, ποιεῖν τὰ ἐκείνων.
[4194] χοροστάτην.
[4195] Cf. 1 Tim. iii. 15.
[4196] Cf. Isa. ii. 3.
[4197] ἐλέγχῃ.
[4198] ἀρχηγέτην.
[4199] συγκόψαι τὰς πολεμικὰς ἡμῶν λογικὰς μαχαίρας καὶ ὑβριστικὰς εἰς ἄροτρα, καὶ τὰς κατὰ τὸ πρότερον ἡμῶν μάχιμον ζιβύνας εἰς δρέπανα μετασκευάζομεν.
[4200] Cf. Isa. ii. 4.
[4201] Cf. Jer. xvi. 19 and xiv. 22: ὡς ψευδῆ ἐκτήσαντο οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν εἴδωλα, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς ὑετίζων.
[4202] Cf. Herodot., ii. 18.
[4203] ὁ δὲ ῎Αμμων οὐδέν τι κακίων διαπρεσβεῦσαι τὰ δαιμόνια, ἢ οἱ ᾽Ιουδαίων ἄγγελοι.
[4204] εὐφημεῖν μιν ἐκέλευον.
[4205] Cf. Herodot., iii. 38.
[4206] γέλοιος ἀν εἴη φιλόσοφος ἀφιλόσοφα πράττων.
[4207] φυσιολογίαν.
[4208] πρεσβύτατον πάντων τῶν δημιουργημάτων.
[4209] Cf. Gen. i. 26.
[4210] This sentence is regarded by Guietus as an interpolation, which should be struck out of the text.
[4211] ἵνα δόξῃ μετὰ τῶν ἀτελέστων τελετῶν, καὶ τῶν καλουσῶν δαίμονας μαγγανειῶν, οὐχ ὑπὸ ἀγαλματοποιῶν μόνων κατασκευάζεσθαι θεὸς, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὑπὸ μάγων, καὶ φαρμακῶν, καὶ τῶν ἐπῳδαῖς αὐτῶν κηλουμένων δαιμόνων.
[4212] ἡμέρῳ.
[4213] μέτριον.
[4214] οὐ γὰρ παρὰ τὸ θηλυκὸν ὄνομα, καὶ τῇ οὐσίᾳ θήλειαν νομιστέον εἶναι τὴν σοφίαν, καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην.
[4215] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 30.
[4216] Cf. Herodot., i. 131.
[4217] οἷον δή τινα μακάρων χώραν λαχοῦσιν.
[4218] χορός.
[4219] [Note this eulogy on the law, even though it “made nothing perfect.”]
[4220] ὑπὲρ τὰ σώματα.
[4221] συμπληρώσει τοῦ λόγου.
[4222] τὸν ἀπὸ τῶν αὐτῶν ὁρώμενον δογμάτων.
[4223] Cf. Ex. xxi. 2 and Jer. xxxiv. 14. [An important comment on Mosaic servitude.]
[4224] Cf. Ps. cxlviii. 4, 5.
[4225] ὅτι ἡ τῶν ὀνομάτων φύσις οὐ θεμένων εἰσὶ νόμοι.
[4226] μεταλαμβάνεται γάρ τι, φερ᾽ εἰπεῖν. In the editions of Hœschel and Spencer, τι is wanting.
[4227] ὁ θεὸς πατρὸς ἐκλεκτοῦ τῆς ἠχοῦς, καὶ ὁ θεὸς τοῦ γέλωτος, καὶ ὁ θεὸς τοῦ πτερνιστοῦ. Cf. note in Benedictine ed.
[4228] δαίμονα δέ τινα χαίρειν οὕτως ὀνομαζόμενον.
[4229] [Note the bearing of this chapter on the famous controversy concerning the Chinese renderings of God’s name.]
[4230] δικαιοσύνη.
[4231] ἰδιοπραγίαν τῶν μερῶν τῆς ψυχῆς.
[4232] ἀνδρεία.
[4233] τοῦ θυμικοῦ μέρους τῆς ψυχῆς φάσκοντος αὐτὸ εἰναι ἀρετὴν, καὶ ἀποτάσσοντος αὐτῇ τόπον τὸν περὶ τὸν θώρακα.
[4234] Cf. Ex. iv. 24, 25. Eliezer was one of the two sons of Moses. Cf. Ex. xviii. 4.
[4235] ἐνεργεῖν κατὰ Μωϋσέως.
[4236] Cf. Ex. iv. 25, 26.
[4237] κατὰ τῶν ἐν τῇ θεοσεβείᾳ ταύτῃ περιτεμνομένων δύναμις. Boherellus inserts μὴ before περιτεμνομένων,, which has been adopted in the text.
[4239] Cf. Acts x. 14.
[4240] καί τις φίλον υἱὸν ἀείρας,
σφάξει ἐπευχόμενος μέγα νήπιος.
—A verse of Empedocles, quoted by Plutarch, de Superstitione, c. xii. Spencer. Cf. note in loc. in Benedictine edition.
[4241] Cf. 1 Cor. ix. 27.
[4242] Cf. Col. iii. 5.
[4243] Cf. Rom. viii. 13.
[4244] καὶ ὡς εὐδοκιμοῦντές γε ὅσον οὐκ ἐγκατλείποντο. The negative particle (οὐκ) is wanting in the editions of Hœschel and Spencer, but is found in the Royal, Basil, and Vatican mss. Guietus would delete ὅσον (which emendation has been adopted in the translation), while Boherellus would read ὅσοι instead.—Ruæus.
[4245] [Josephus, Antiquities, b. xi. cap. viii.]
[4246] γοητείᾳ.
[4247] τὸν κυνοκέφαλον.
[4248] ὅτι κρεῖττον εὕρομεν.
[4249] Cf. Isa. ix. 6. [according to Sept. See vol. i. pp. 223, 236, this series.]
[4250] [See p. 380, supra.]
[4251] [Gen. vi. 2. S.]
[4252] [See Dr. Lee on The Inspiration of Holy Scripture, p. 383, where it is pointed out that the primitive Church was fully aware of the difficulties urged against the historic accuracy of the Four Gospels. Dr. Lee also notes that the culminating sarcasm of Gibbon’s famous fifteenth chapter “has not even the poor merit of originality.” S.]
[4253] τὸν ἐῤῥωμένον βίον.
[4254] καὶ τὸ μηδὲν τυγχάνοντα.
[4255] ἑαυτῶν. Guietus would read αὐτῶν, to agree with τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν.
[4256] Instead of τὰς ἀπὸ τῆς διδασκαλίας τοῦ ᾽Ιησοῦ ἁφορμάς, Boherellus conjectures τοὺς…ἀφορμῶντας, which has been adopted in the translation.
[4257] τῶν ἀπὸ μεγάλης ἐκκλησίας.
[4258] κατέπαυσεν.
[4259] ἀναπαυσάμενος.
[4260] σαββατισμοῦ.
[4261] τὴν ἐκεῖθεν ἐπάνοδον.
[4262] φυγήν.
[4264] ἀσπασαμένοις.
[4266] ἐκ κατασκευῆς.
[4267] ἀπὸ τοῦ πλήθους.
[4268] Σιβυλλιστάς.
[4271] Κίρκας καὶ κύκηθρα αἱμύλα.
[4272] Cf. 1 Tim. iv. 1-3.
[4273] ἀκοῆς καυστήρια. Cf. note in Benedictine ed.
[4274] αἰνίγματα. Cf. note in Benedictine ed.
[4275] σκανδάλου.
[4276] ἐξορχουμένας καὶ σοφιστρίας.
[4277] Cf. 2 Cor. x. 3-5.
[4278] [Irenæus, vol. i. p. 353.]
[4279] ἀνατάσεως.
[4280] πολὺ δὲ τὸ ἥμερον ἐὰν…οἷος τέ τις γένηται ἐπιστρέφειν.
[4281] πολλὰ χαίρειν φράσαντες.
[4282] ἀνδραπόδοις.
[4283] καὶ μὴ οἷοί τε κατακούειν τῆς ἐν φράσει λόγων καὶ τάξει ἀπαγγελλομένων ἀκολουθίας, μόνων ἐφρόντισαν τῶν ἀνατραφέντων ἐν λόγοις καὶ μαθήυασιν.
[4284] ἐνεῖδον.
[4285] [See Dr. Burton’s Bampton Lectures On the Heresies of the Apostolic Age, pp. 198, 529. S.]
[4286] φιλολόγων.
[4288] Such is the reading of the Septuagint version. The Masoretic text has: “The Lord gave a word; of them who published it there was a great host.” [Cf. Ps. lxviii. 11. S.]
[4289] Cf. Rom. i. 18-23.
[4290] ἐκ πολλῆς συνουσίας γινομένης περὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα αὐτὸ, καὶ τοῦ συζῇν.
[4291] Cf. Plato, Phædo [lxvi. p. 118. S.]
[4292] καὶ τὰ ἀόρατα τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τὰς ἰδέας φαντασθέντες ἀπὸ τῆς κτίσεως τοῦ κόσμου, καὶ τῶν αἰσθητῶν, ἀφ᾽ ὧν ἀναβαίνουσιν ἐπὶ τὰ νοούμενα· τὴν τε ἀΐδιον αὐτοῦ δύναμιν καὶ θειότητα οὐκ ἀγεννῶς ἰδόντες, etc.
[4294] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 27, 28, 29.
[4295] ἐπιτηδείοις.
[4296] καὶ τίνι τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν. Boherellus understands ὅμοιος, which has been adopted in the translation.
[4297] Cf. Matt. v. 8.
[4298] Hos. x. 12. φωτίσατε ἑαυτοῖς φῶς γνώσεως (LXX.). The Masoretic text is, תע“וְ רינִ סכֶלָ וּרינִ, where for תע“וְ (and time) the Septuagint translator apparently read תעַדַּ (knowledge), ד and ו being interchanged for their similarity.
[4299] Cf. John i. 3, 4.
[4300] τὸν ἀληθινὸν καὶ νοητόν.
[4301] Cf. 2 Cor. iv. 6.
[4302] Ps. xxvii. 1 (attributed to David).
[4304] Ps. iv. 6 (Heb. “Lift up upon us,” etc.)
[4306] Cf. Isa. lx. 1.
[4307] Cf. Isa. ix. 2.
[4308] Cf. Isa. ix. 2.
[4309] ἐνθουσιᾷν.
[4310] Cf. Matt. xxv. 4.
[4311] κεφαλίδα βιβλίου.
[4312] οὐαί: cf. Ezek. ii. 9, 10.
[4316] πολλάκις δὲ ἤδη ὁ Κέλσος θρυλλήσας ὡς ἀξιούμενον εὐθέως πιστεύειν, ὡς καινόν τι παρὰ τὰ πρότερον εἰρημένα. Guietus thus amends the passage: πολλάκις δὲ ἤδη ὁ Κέλσος ἀξιούμενος εὐθέως πιστεύειν, ὡς καινόν τι παρὰ τὰ πρότερον εἰρημένα θρυλλήσας, etc. Boherellus would change ἀξιούμενον into ἀξιοῦμεν.
[4317] παιδεία ἀνεξέλεγκτος πλανᾶται: cf.Prov. x. 17 (Sept.).
[4318] γνῶσις ἀσυνέτου ἀδιεξέταστοι λόγοι: cf. Ecclesiasticus 21.18.
[4319] οὐ τερατεύεται.
[4320] The night before Ariston brought Plato to Socrates as his pupil, the latter dreamed that a swan from the altar of Cupid alighted on his bosom. Cf. Pausanias in Atticis, p. 58.
[4321] “Alicubi forsan occurrit: me vero uspiam legisse non memini. Credo Platonem per tertium oculum suam πολυμάθειαν et scientiam, quâ ceteris anteibat, denotare voluisse.”—Spencer.
[4322] Plato, Epist., vi.
[4323] ὧν ἓν μὲν ὄνομα· δεύτερον δὲ λόγος· τὸ δὲ τρίτον εἴδωλον· τὸ τέταρτον δὲ ἐπιστήμη.
[4324] τρανότερον φήσομεν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ γινόμενον μετὰ τὸν λόγον τῶν τραυμάτων τύπον, τοῦτον εἶναι τὸν ἑν ἑκάστῳ Χριστὸν, ἀπὸ Χριστοῦ Λόγου.
[4325] τὸ μηδέν.
[4326] εἰκῆ πιστεύοντι.
[4328] [p. 41. S.]
[4329] τοῦ δημιουργοῦ.
[4330] Cf. Col. iv. 6.
[4331] χθὲς καὶ πρώην.
[4332] κοινὸν δὲ πάντων ἢ καὶ πρόχειρον. For ἢ, Boherellus reads ᾖ.
[4333] οἱ γὰρ ὁμοίως Κελσῷ ὑπολαβόντες τετερατεῦσθαι. The word ὁμοίως formerly stood, in the text of Spencer and Ruæus, before τετερατεῦθαι, but is properly expunged, as arising from the preceding ὁμοίως. Boherellus remarks: “Forte aliud quid exciderit, verbi gratiâ, τὰ τοῦ Ιησοῦ.”
[4334] τερατεύσασθαι.
[4335] τὸ οὐδέν.
[4336] Cf. Acts viii. 10 [and vol. i. p. 187, this series].
[4337] Cf. Acts v. 36, 37.
[4338] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 19.
[4339] πεπλασμένον ἡμῖν.
[4340] ἦθος γὰρ ἀνθρώπειον μὲν οὐκ ἔχει γνώμας, θεῖον δὲ ἔχει.
[4341] Cf. Plato’s Apolog., v.
[4342] μετρίων ὄντων.
[4343] Cf. Wisdom of Solomon 9.6.
[4344] τέλειοι.
[4346] Ps. xlix. 9, 10. (LXX.).
[4347] γνῶσις.
[4348] 1 Cor. xii. 8, 9. [See Gieseler’s Church History, on “The Alexandrian Theology,” vol. i. p. 212. S.]
[4349] τοὺς μὴ αἰσχυνομένους ἐν τῷ τοῖς ἀψύχοις προσλαλεῖν, καὶ περὶ μὲν ὑγείας τὸ ἀσθενὲς ἐπικαλουμένους, περὶ δὲ ζωῆς τὸ νεκρὸν ἀξιοῦντας, περὶ δὲ ἐπικουρίας τὸ ἀπορώτατον ἱκετεύοντας.
[4350] βαναύσων.
[4351] τοὺς ἐσχάτους.
[4352] γόητας.
[4353] προτροπάδ῾ν.
[4354] τοὺς χαριεστέρους.
[4355] παλεύομεν. [See note supra, p. 482. S.]
[4356] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 26.
[4357] ὡς περιηχηθεὶς τὰ περὶ ταπεινοφροσύνης.
[4358] μὴ ἐπιμελῶς αὐτὴν νοήσας.
[4359] εὐθείᾳ περαίνει κατὰ φύσιν παραπορευόμενος.
[4360] Plato, de Legibus, iv. p. 716.
[4361] Ps. cxxxi. 1, 2 (LXX.). The clause, “If I had not been humble,” seems to belong to the following verse.
[4362] τῇ ἰδιωτείᾳ.
[4363] τῇ ἰδιωτείᾳ.
[4364] διὰ τὸν ἰδιωτισμόν.
[4365] Cf. Phil. ii. 6, 8.
[4366] Cf. Matt. xi. 20.
[4367] Cf. Matt. xix. 24.
[4368] Cf. Plato, de Legibus, v. p. 743.
[4369] Cf. Matt. xiii. 54, Mark vi. 2, and John vii. 15.
[4370] Cf. Matt. vii. 14.
[4371] Cf. Ps. xviii. 11.
[4372] Cf. Ex. xx. 21.
[4373] Cf. Ex. xxiv. 2.
[4374] Cf. Ps. civ. 6.
[4375] Cf. Matt. xi. 27.
[4376] ἀγένητον. Locus diligenter notandus, ubi Filius e creaturarum numero diserte eximitur, dum ἀγένητος dicitur. At non dissimulandum in unico Cod. Anglicano secundo legi: τὸν γεννητόν: cf. Origenianorum, lib. ii. quæstio 2, num. 23.—Ruæus.
[4377] [Bishop Bull, in the Defensio Fidei Nicenæ, book ii. cap. ix. 9, says, “In these words, which are clearer than any light, Origen proves the absolutely divine and uncreated nature of the Son.” S.]
[4378] ὅ τι ποτ᾽ ἂν χωρῇ γιγνώσκειν. Boherellus proposes ὅστις ποτ᾽ ἂν χωρῇ, etc.
[4379] Cf. Plato, Epist., ii., ad Dionys.
[4380] Cf. Isa. vi. 2.
[4383] Cf. Plato in Phædro, p. 247.
[4384] Cf. 2 Cor. iv. 17, 18.
[4385] Cf. John xiv. 3.
[4386] πρὸς ἄκροις τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.
[4387] ποταμοὺς τῶν θεωρήματων.
[4388] For ὅσον γε Boherellus proposes ὅσοι γε, which is adopted in the translation.
[4389] Cf. 1 Cor. xiii. 12.
[4390] Cf. 1 Cor. xiii. 10.
[4391] [Bishop Pearson, in his Exposition of the Creed, Art. IX., notes that “Origen for the most part speaks of the Church in the plural number, αι ἐκκλησίαι.” S.]
[4392] [But see 2 Cor. xii. 2, and also Irenæus, vol. i. p. 405.]
[4393] Cf. Plato in Timæo, p. 42.
[4394] Cf. Gen. xxviii. 12, 13.
[4395] ἐπεστηριγμένον.
[4396] τῆς τε ἀπλανοῦς.
[4397] κλίμαξ ἱψίπυλος. Boherellus conjectures ἑπτάπυλος.
[4398] κεραστοῦ νομίσματος.
[4399] τὴν χαλκοβάτην καὶ στεῤῥάν.
[4400] τλήμονα γὰρ ἔργων ἁπάντων, καὶ χρηματιστὴν, καὶ πολύκμητον εἶναι, τόν τε σίδηρον καὶ τὸν ῾Ερμῆν.
[4401] τῆς λοιπῆς ὕλης. For ὕλης, another reading is πύλης.
[4402] For ὡς ἐκείνοις ἀρκεῖσθαι, Spencer introduced into his text, οὐδ᾽ ἐκείνοις ἀρκεῖσθαι, which has been adopted in the translation.
[4403] ἐν οἷς πολλοὶ σεμνύνονται.
[4404] ἀπὸ τῆς συγκλήτου βουλῆς.
[4405] Cf. Ezek. xlviii.
[4406] ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττονα.
[4408] θεωρήματα.
[4409] [Vol. i. p. 354, this series.]
[4410] “Utinam exstaret! Multum enim lucis procul dubio antiquissimorum Patrum libris, priscæ ecclesiæ temporibus, et quibusdam sacræ Scripturæ locis, accederet.”—Spencer.
[4411] κατὰ τὸ φιλομαθὲς ἡμῶν.
[4412] Cf. 2 Tim. iii. 6, 7.
[4413] Cf. note in Spencer’s edition.
[4414] παίγνιον.
[4415] Cf. Ps. civ. 24-26.
[4416] Cf. Mal. iii. 2, 3.
[4417] χωνευομένων.
[4418] ποῦ.
[4419] Cf. Zech. v. 7.
[4420] [See Dean Plumptre’s The Spirits in Prison, on “The Universalism of Origen,” p. 137, et seqq. S.]
[4421] μάτην ἐκκείμενα.
[4422] ἀλλόκοτα καὶ ἀμοιβαίας φωνάς.
[4423] ἀρχοντικῶν.
[4424] οὐκ εὔγνωμον ἀλλά…πάνυ ἀγνωμονέστατον.
[4425] φύρων δὲ τὰ πράγματα.
[4426] συνέδριον.
[4427] μέτριος τὰ ἤθη.
[4428] ἀρχηγοῦ τῶν καλῶν.
[4429] ᾽Οφιᾶνοι: cf. Irenæus, vol. i. pp. 354–358.
[4430] τὴν εὐτέλειαν ἀγαπήσας.
[4431] ἀπὸ τῆς παντελοῦς ἀκτημοσύνης.
[4432] “Euphraten hujus hæresis auctorem solus Origenes tradit.”—Spencer; cf. note in Spencer’s edition.
[4433] ἀναισθήτου.
[4434] Boherellus proposes φῇς for the textual reading φησί.
[4435] καὶ τοῖς προφήταις ἐμπνέοντα.
[4436] ὅταν δὲ τὰ ἐναντία ὁ σὸς διδάσκαλος ᾽Ιησοῦς, καὶ ὁ ᾽Ιουδαίων Μωϋσῆς, νομοθετῇ.
[4437] ψυχικόν.
[4438] Cf. Spencer’s note, as quoted in Benedictine edition.
[4439] “Nescio, an hæresium Scriptores hujus Thauthabaoth, Erataoth, Thaphabaoth, Onoeles, et Thartharaoth, usquam meminerint. Hujus generis vocabula innumera invenies apud Epiphan., Hær., 31, quæ est Valentinianorum, pp. 165–171.”—Spencer.
[4440] φραγμὸν κακίας.
[4441] πύλας ἀρχόντων αἰῶνι δεδεμένας.
[4442] μονότροπον.
[4443] λήθην ἀπερίσκεπτον.
[4444] ᾽Ογδοάδος. Cf. Tertullian, de Præscript. adv. Hæreticos, cap. xxxiii. (vol. iii. p. 259), and other references in Benedictine ed.
[4445] Φαίνων. “Ea, quæ Saturni stella dicitur, φαινων que a Græcis dicitur.”—Cicero, de Nat. Deorum, book ii. c. 20.
[4446] συμπαθεῖν.
[4447] νυκτοφαής.
[4448] πεντάδι δυνατωτέρᾳ.
[4449] μύστην.
[4450] χάριν κρυπτομένην δυνάμεσιν ἐξουσιῶν.
[4451] For καταλυθέν Boherellus conjectures καταγλυφθέν, which has been adopted in the translation.
[4452] φαντασίας.
[4453] ἀπατεώνων.
[4454] εἰς τὰς ἀρχοντικὰς μορφάς.
[4455] Guietus thinks that some word has been omitted here, as ξίφος, which seems very probable.
[4456] τὸ τῆς ἀτελέστου τελετῆς πέρας.
[4457] ἀποῤῥοίας.
[4458] ἀπὸ ξύλου.
[4459] Eccles. i. 6. (literally rendered). [Modern science demonstrates this physical truth.]
[4460] κατὰ τὴν πεπλανηένην ἑαυτῶν σοφίαν.
[4461] ψυχικὸν δημιουργόν.
[4462] οὐκ ἀγεννῶς.
[4463] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 25, 26.
[4464] Cf. 1 Cor. 15.54; Hos. 13.14.
[4465] κάθοδον στενήν.
[4466] Cf. Ps. cxviii. 19, 20.
[4467] Cf. Ps. ix. 13, 14.
[4468] Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 22.
[4469] [See note supra, p. 582. S.]
[4470] Cf., however,Mark vi. 3. [Some mss., though not of much value, have the reading here (Mark vi. 3), “Is not this the carpenter’s son, the son of Mary?” Origen seems to have so read the evangelist. See Alford, in loc. S.]
[4471] αὐτόθεν.
[4472] ἄρχοντας.
[4473] ἄλλα τε, καὶ δύο ἄττα, μεῖζον τε καὶ μικρότερον υἱοῦ καὶ πατρός.
[4474] For ἄλλους, the textual reading, Gelenius, with the approval of Boherellus, proposes καὶ ἄλλου συγκειμένου, which has been followed in the translation.
[4475] ἐπὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ὑποκειμένοις.
[4476] Cf. Herodot., iv. 59.
[4477] ποία γὰρ πιθανότης.
[4478] For the textual reading, οὔπω δὲ οὐδὲ περὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ταὐτόν τι ἐρεῖ, Boherellus conjectures εἴρηται, which has been adopted in the translation.
[4479] For αἰσθητῶν, Lommatzsch adopts the conjecture of Boherellus, approved by Ruæus, ἐσθητων.
[4480] δόξης.
[4481] Cf. Ps. xxxiv. 7.
[4482] Cf. Matt. xviii. 10.
[4483] θνητά. Instead of this reading, Guietus conjectures πτηκτά, which is approved of by Ruæus.
[4484] ᾽Ωγηνόν, i.e., in Oceanum, Hesych.; ᾽Ωγήν, ὠκεανός, Suid.
[4485] καὶ μὴ παραμυθησάμενος.
[4486] Cf. Iliad, i. 590 (Pope’s translation).
[4487] Cf. Iliad, xv. 18–24 (Pope’s translation).
[4488] ἀναλογίαις τισὶ συνέδησε καὶ ἐκόσμησεν ὁ Θεός.
[4489] ἀμήτωρ τις καὶ ἄχραντος δαίμων.
[4491] τὸ θηλύτερον γένος.
[4492] Cf. Ex. xii. 23.
[4493] Cf. Lev. xvi. 8.
[4494] ἐναντίοι ὄντες τοῖς ἁπὸ τοῦ κλήρου τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἔρημοί εἰσι Θεοῦ.
[4495] [Judg. xix. 22. S.]
[4496] [See the elaborate articles on the book of Job, by Canon Cook, in Dr. Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, vol. i. pp. 1087–1100. S.]
[4498] περιστάσεσί.
[4499] ἀγρίῳ ἐλέφαντι.
[4500] Cf. Job xl. 20.
[4501] Cf. Ezek. xxxii. 1-28.
[4502] Isa. xiv. 4 sqq.
[4503] πτεροῤῥυησάντων. Cf. supra, bk. iv. cap. xl. p. 516.
[4504] Cf. Prov. xxiii. 5. [See Neander’s History of the Church, vol. ii. p. 299, with Rose’s note. S.]
[4505] Cf. 2 Tim. ii. 5.
[4506] Cf. 1 Cor. i. 30.
[4507] Cf. Ezek. xxviii. 15.
[4508] Cf. Ezek. xxviii. 19.
[4509] Cf. Dan. viii. 23.
[4510] Cf. 2 Thess. ii. 3, 4.
[4511] Cf. Matt. xxiv. 4, 5.
[4512] Cf. Prov. xxvii. 19.
[4513] ἀκρότητας.
[4514] μετά τινος ἐπικρύψεως. Cf. 2 Thess. ii. 9.
[4516] Cf. Dan. viii. 23-25 (LXX.).
[4517] Cf. 2 Thess. ii. 4.
[4518] Cf. Dan. ix. 27 (LXX.).
[4519] παῖδά τε αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡίθεον.
[4520] παραποιήσαντας.
[4521] [See Dr. Burton’s learned discussion as to the Logos of Plato, and the connection of Plato’s doctrines with the Gospel of the Son of God: Bampton Lectures, pp. 211–223, 537–547. See also Fisher’s Beginnings of Christianity, p. 147 (1877). S.]
[4522] Cf. Gen. ii. 24.
[4523] Cf. 1 Cor. vi. 17.
[4524] ἁπαξαπλῶς.
[4525] μάλα εὐηθική.
[4527] ἀκατασκεύαστον.
[4528] Cf. Gen. i. 26.
[4529] τὴν ἐκ περιστάσεως γενομένην.
[4531] γραφάς.
[4532] ἀπρόσλογα.
[4533] συνθεῖναι ληρον βαθύν.
[4534] ὅτι τίς ποτέ ἐστιν ἡ φύσις τοῦ νοῦ, καὶ τοῦ ἐν τοῖς προφήταις λόγου.
[4535] περὶ νοητῶν καὶ αἰσθητῶν.
[4536] αἱ φύσεις τῶν ἡμερῶν.
[4537] ἐν καταστάσει ἔσεσθαι ἡμέρας.
[4538] Cf. Isa. lx. 19.
[4539] εὐκτικῶς.
[4540] ὡς ἐν ἀλλοτρίοις τοῖς τῇδε.
[4541] μακρὰν χαιρέτωσαν.
[4542] περιορᾷ.
[4543] Cf. bk. v. cap. liv.
[4544] The textual reading is, ἀπό τινων εὐτελῶς καὶ ἰδιωτικῶς, for which Ruæus reads, ἀπό τινων εὐτελῶν καὶ ἰδιωτικῶν, which emendation has been adopted in the translation.
[4545] οἱονεὶ θαυμαστικῶς.
[4546] ἀκλήρων.
[4547] σκυβάλων.
[4548] τέχνην.
[4549] ἐκ παρακολουθήσεως γεγένηται τῆς πρὸς τὰ προηγούμενα.
[4550] Cf. Ps. xxxiv. 10-14.
[4552] Cf. Eph. v. 16.
[4553] καταχρηστικώτερον.
[4554] Cf. Job ii. 10.
[4555] Cf. Isa. xlv. 7.
[4556] Cf. Mic. i. 12, 13. The rendering of the Heb. in the first clause of the thirteenth verse is different from that of the LXX.
[4557] παῤῥησίαν ἔχειν.
[4558] ὕφος.
[4559] ὀλίγα must be taken comparatively, on account of the πολλάς that follows afterwards.
[4560] πολλάς. See note 11.
[4561] τὰ ἑλικοειδῆ ξέσματα καὶ πρίσματα.
[4562] τὰ παρακείμενα.
[4563] πόνους.
[4564] Cf. Mic. i. 12.
[4565] Cf. Ps. lxxxix. 32.
[4566] Cf. Isa. xlvii. 14, 15 (LXX.).
[4567] Cf. Isa. xlv. 7.
[4568] τὸ καὶ ἐπιτυγχάνειν ἐν τῷ νουθετουμένῳ καὶ ἀκούειν τὸν τοῦ διδάσκοντος λόγον.
[4569] ὡσπερεὶ τῶν καλουμένων ἀντιπεπονθότων ἐστίν.
[4570] ἀνάλογον τῷ κείρεσθαι ἄνθρωπον, ἐνεργοῦντα τὸ παρέχειν ἑαυτὸν τῷ κείροντι.
[4571] πειθοῦς δημιουργῶν.
[4573] Cf. Isa. i. 19, 20.
[4574] Cf. Deut. x. 12, 13.
[4575] ἐνεθυμήθη, in all probability a corruption for ἐθυμώθη, which Hoeschel places in the text, and Spencer in the margin of his ed.: Heb. סחֶנָּיִּוַ.
[4576] ἐνεθυμήθην. Cf. remark in note 2.
[4577] Cf. Gen. vi. 5-7.
[4578] Cf. Plato in Timæo.
[4579] κόσμος.
[4580] τὸν περίγειον τόπον.
[4582] Cf. John xvi. 33.
[4583] Cf. 2 Cor. iv. 18.
[4584] Cf. Rom. i. 20.
[4585] ἐρηρεισμένης.
[4586] τῇδε φερομένου.
[4587] Cf. Ps. xxxiii. 9.
[4588] τὸν προσεχῶς δημιουργόν.
[4589] αὐτουργόν.
[4590] συναγωγάς.
[4591] τὰ ὑπὸ μόνης φύσεως διοικούμενα.
[4592] τὰ νηκτά.
[4593] Cf. Gen. ii. 4.
[4594] [συνετέλεσεν, complevit. S.]
[4595] κατέπαυσεν.
[4596] κατέπαυσεν.
[4597] Cf. Gen. ii. 2, 3.
[4598] ἀνεπαύσατο.
[4599] τῶν ἐπιβαλλόντων.
[4600] οὐ θέμις.
[4601] χειρουργεῖν.
[4602] Cf. Ps. xix. 1.
[4603] Cf. Ps. cii. 25.
[4604] Cf. Isa. i. 20.
[4605] ἐπὶ τῶν δυνάμεων.
[4606] Cf. Ex. xx. 18 (LXX.). The Masoretic text is different.
[4607] Cf. Ps. cii. 27.
[4608] Cf. Mal. iii. 6.
[4610] Cf. Eph. v. 1 (μιμηταί).
[4611] The words as they stand in the text are probably corrupt: we have adopted in the translation the emendation of Guietus: ἔτι και ναός ἐστι τοῦ Θεοῦ το σῶμα τοῦ τοιαύτην ἔχοντος ψυχὴν, καὶ ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ διὰ τὸ κατ᾽ εἰκόνα, τὸν Θεόν.
[4613] Cf. Gen. iii. 8.
[4614] οὐσία.
[4615] πρεσβείᾳ καὶ δυνάμει.
[4616] Cf. Col. i. 15.
[4617] [“It is a remarkable fact, that it was Origen who discerned the heresy outside the Church on its first rise, and actually gave the alarm, sixty years before Arius’s day. See Athanasius, De Decret. Nic., § 27; also the περὶ ἀρχῶν (if Rufinus may be trusted), for Origen’s denouncement of the still more characteristic Arianism of the ἠν ὅτε οὐκ ἦν and the ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων.”—Newman’s The Arians of the Fourth Century, p. 97. See also Hagenbach’s History of Doctrines, vol. i. pp. 130–133. S.]
[4618] For αὐτοῦ Boherellus conjectures αὑτοῦ, and translates, “Propria ipse principia, quæ sunt Epicuri, subruens.”
[4620] οὐδὲ λογῷ ἐφικτός.
[4621] εἴτε ἐνδιαθέτῳ εἴτε καὶ προφορικῷ.
[4623] οὐδὲν τῶν ἐν λέξεσι καὶ σημαινομένοις.
[4624] χειραγωγῆσαι.
[4625] κολάζεσθαι.
[4626] Cf. Matt. iv. 16. and Isa. ix. 2.
[4628] Cf. Isa. v. 20.
[4629] ὀφθαλμούς.
[4630] ὀφθαλμούς.
[4631] σωματικῶς.
[4632] [2 Cor. v. 16. S.]
[4633] Cf. John i. 14.
[4634] Cf. John i. 14.
[4635] εἰκότι στοχασμῷ.
[4636] δυσθεώρητος.
[4637] σύμμετρον.
[4638] For οὑτωσί we have adopted the conjecture of Guietus, τούτου.
[4639] ὡς εὐθεώρητον.
[4641] Cf. Heb. xii. 29.
[4642] Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 12.
[4643] πᾶσαν οὐσίαν.
[4644] πνεῦμα. There is an allusion to the two meanings of πνεῦμα, “wind” and “spirit.”
[4646] τὴν αἰσθητὴν ἐκδοχήν.
[4647] τυπικῶς here evidently must have the above meaning.
[4648] Cf. John iv. 21, 24.
[4649] ἐν τύποις.
[4650] Cf. 2 Cor. iii. 17.
[4651] Cf. 1 Cor. ii. 14.
[4652] ἑαυτῷ συνάπτει.
[4653] οὐχ ὡς σῶμα δὲ περιέχον περιέχει, ὅτι καὶ σῶμά ἐστι τὸ περιεχόμενον.
[4654] πάνυ ἀπεμφαῖνον.
[4655] εἰς τοσοῦτον μίασμα.
[4656] Cf. book iv. capp. xiv. and lxviii.
[4657] τῇ αἰσθήσει τὴν ἀρχὴν.
[4658] τὸ αἰσθητὸν σῶμα.
[4659] προσαχθήσῃ δὲ τῷ λεγομένῳ.
[4660] κἃν βιασάμενος ὁ λόγος εὕρῃ.
[4661] τοῦ δημιουργοῦ.
[4662] ὀρτύγων.
[4663] ληροῦντας.
[4664] πραγματικῶς.
[4665] ἐσεμνολόγει.
[4666] σεμνῶν λόγων.
[4667] τοσαύτην φλυαρίαν.
[4668] κατάπληξιν.
[4669] ἀγενές.
[4670] Cf. Isa. liii. 1-3 (LXX.). [See Bishop Pearson’s Exposition of the Creed, Art. II., note. S.]
[4671] Cf. Ps. xlv. 3, 4 (LXX.).
[4672] [Luke ix. 31. S.]
[4673] προβαινειν.
[4674] καὶ εἴ τινές εἰσιν ἐκ λόγων την γένεσιν λαχόντες μεγαλοφώνων.
[4675] τῶν χριστῶν μου.
[4676] Cf. 1 Chron. xvi. 22 and Ps. cv. 15.
[4677] τοὺς μετόχους αὐτοῦ.
[4678] δυσδιηγήτους τὰς κρίσεις.
[4679] ἐξ ἀρχῆς.
[4680] γενεθλιαλογία.
[4681] [On the manners of heathen nations, note this. See 1 Cor. v. 1.]
[4682] Cf. Rom. xi. 11, 12.
[4685] [See Dr. Lee on “the immemorial doctrine of the Church of God” as to the Divine influence upon the intellectual faculties of the prophets: Inspiration of Holy Scripture: its Nature and Proof, pp. 78, 79. S.]
[4686] Suidas in Σοφός.
[4687] Homer, Iliad, xvi. 234, etc.
[4689] [Isa. xx. 3. S.]
[4690] [Dan. i. 16. S.]
[4691] [Gen. ix. 25-27. S.]
[4692] [Gen. xlix. 1. S.]
[4693] Wisdom of Solomon 1.5.
[4695] [See note supra, p. 612. S.]
[4696] Ecclesiasticus 21.18.
[4699] Book ii. cap. xxxvii.
[4700] διὰ δύο τροπικῶν θεωρήμα.
[4701] We follow Bouhéreau and Valesius, who expunge the negative particle in this clause.
[4704] [John xii. 31 and xvi. 11.]
[4712] [Ezek. xx. 21, 25. S.]
[4720] Ps. cxxxvii. 8, 9. [An instance of Origen’s characteristic spiritualizing.]
[4728] Ps. vii. 3-5. Origen follows the reading εἰς χοῦν (LXX.) instead of εἰς χνοῦν, “make my glory abide in the dust.”
[4737] Odyss., iv. 563.
[4738] Phædo, lviii. p. 109.
[4742] Ps. lxxvi. 2; English version, “In Salem is His tabernacle.”
[4744] Ps. xxxvii. 9, 11, 22, 29, 34.
[4752] Bouhèreau follows the reading, “the mind which sees what is made in the image of the Creator.”
[4753] Matt. xv. 19 and vi. 23.
[4762] Ps. lxxvii. 2, according to the LXX.
[4764] Prov. ii. 5, Eng. Vers. and LXX., “Thou shalt find the knowledge of God.”
[4765] νοητά, falling under the province of νοῦς, the reason. For convenience, we translate it elsewhere “intellectual.”
[4778] See book vi. cap. xxx., etc.
[4779] [See note supra, p. 573. S.]
[4785] [Vol. ii. p. 186, this series.]
[4788] γένεσις. For the distinction between οὐσία and γένεσις, see Plato’s Sophista, p. 246.
[4789] 2 Cor. x. 3, 4. The received text has “walk” instead of “live.”
[4794] [See Robertson’s History of the Church, vol. i. p. 145. S.]
[4798] [The noteworthy testimony of the Alexandrian school to the doctrine of birth-sin.]
[4804] Euripides. [See De la Rue’s note ad loc. in his edition of Origen’s Works. S.]
[4809] Ps. xliii. 20 (LXX.).
[4812] Wisd. xii. 1, 2.
[4822] [See vol. i. p. 169, note 9, and cap. lvi. infra.]
[4824] [Vol. i. pp. 280, 288, 289; vol. ii. pp. 192, 194, 346, and 622.]
[4826] Plato’s Crito, p. 49.
[4828] [The temples here meant are such as enshrined images.]
[4829] Herod., i. 131.
[4830] [Note this wholesome fear of early Christians.]
[4835] [Let this be noted; and see book viii. 20, infra.]
[4836] [Vol. ii. p. 186, note 1.]
[4850] 1 Cor. viii. 5, etc.
[4852] Plato, Phædrus, p. 246.
[4855] Herod., vii. 136.
[4862] John xiv. 11, and xvii. 21.
[4864] [See note infra, cap. xxvi. S.]
[4867] [ἡ τῆς ἀληθείας οὐσία: see Neander’s History of the Church, vol. ii. pp. 282, 283; also note supra, book vi. cap. lxiv. p. 603. S.]
[4870] Wisd. vii. 25, 26.
[4873] [See note, book ii. cap. ix. p. 433. S.]
[4882] Thucyd., book i. sect. lxx.
[4884] Col. ii. 16. The whole passage in the English version is, “Let no man judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday” (ἐν μέρει ἑορτῆς). Origen’s interpretation is not followed by any modern expositors. It is adopted by Chrysostom and Theodoret.
[4885] [Dr. Hessey notes this as “a curious comment” of Origen’s on St. Paul’s language: Bampton Lectures, On Sunday: its Origin, History, and Present Obligation, pp. 48, 286–289, 4th ed. S.]
[4891] [See Liddon’s Bampton Lectures on The Divinity of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, p. 383, where it is pointed out that “Origen often insists upon the worship of Christ as being a Christian duty.” S.]
[4892] Isa. ix. 6 (LXX.).
[4899] Acts xv. 28, 29. It was at Jerusalem.
[4900] Acts xv. 28, 29. It was at Jerusalem.
[4901] [Sextus, or Xystus. See note of Spencer in Migne. S.]
[4902] [1 Cor. xv. 35. S.]
[4904] Wisdom of Sol. xvii. 1.
[4921] [A very express testimony in favour “of speaking in the congregation in such a tongue as the people understandeth” (Art. XXIV. of Church of England). See Rev. H. Cary’s Testimonies of the Fathers of the First Four Centuries, etc., p. 287, Oxford, 1835. S.]
[4922] Ex. xxii. 28 [θεοὺς οὐ κακολογήσεις, Sept. S.].
[4925] “The mills of the gods grind slowly, but they grind to powder” (Plutarch): [De Sera Numinis Vindicta, sect. iii. S.]
[4926] Hom. Il., xx. 308.
[4934] ἀγγελμάτων. Spencer reads ἀγαλμάτων in this and the following sentences.
[4937] Euripides, Hippolytus, 612.
[4938] Isa. xxxviii. 19 (according to the LXX.).
[4939] [2 Kings iv. 17. 4 Kings, Sept. and Vulg. S.]
[4940] φιλόσοφον.
[4941] Ecclesiasticus 10.19. In the LXX. the last clause is, “What is a dishonourable seed? They that transgress the commandments.”
[4942] [Eccles. viii. 11. See cap. xl., supra. De Maistre has admirably annotated Plutarch’s Delay of the Divine Judgment.]
[4943] καταληπτικὴ φαντασία.
[4957] [Observe this traditional objection to incense. Comp. vol. ii. p. 532.]
[4961] Homer’s Iliad, ii. 547, 548.
[4962] [“Origen pointed out that hymns were addressed only to God and to His Only-begotten Word, who is also God.…The hymnody of the primitive Church protected and proclaimed the truths which she taught and cherished.”—Liddon’s Bampton Lectures, On the Divinity of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, pp. 385, 386. S.]
[4964] Homer’s Iliad, ii. 205.
[4966] Ecclesiasticus 10.4. (LXX.).
[4969] [Comp. Cowper, Task, book vi., sub finem.]
[4970] Luke xiv. 34-35; Matt. v. 13.
[4975] “A language to last as long as the world.”—Bouhéreau.
[4980] σύστημα πατρίδος. [A very notable passage as to the autonomy of the primitive Churches in their divers nations.]
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